{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2012-07-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2012-07-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-07-19","date_display":"July 19, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456127.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867662.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":92.2679,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":90.4104,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.1425,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1425},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4,"moon_longitude":90.4104,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.4104},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":182.6783},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456127.770833,"ahargana":1867662.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0283,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":92.75481500000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":91.05641500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3502},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":164.26811500000008,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":107.76021500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":43.61131499999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":50.592715,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":178.94091500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":222.2651,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":42.2651,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456127.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867662.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":92.2679,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":90.4104,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.1425,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1425},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4,"moon_longitude":90.4104,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.4104},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":182.6783},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.35,"elongation":1.858},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.35,"opposition_distance":178.142}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:30","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":9.871168704869703,"dayLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 52 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 07 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:26","moonsetLocal":"17:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:40","end":"14:54","startHours":13.668514905169395,"endHours":14.90241099327811,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:30","end":"08:44","startHours":7.499034464625832,"endHours":8.732930552734544,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:58","end":"11:12","startHours":9.966826640843259,"endHours":11.20072272895197,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:48","end":"10:08","startHours":9.802307162428763,"endHours":10.131346119257753,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:55","end":"08:10","startHours":7.91033316066207,"endHours":8.173564326125263,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:46","startHours":12.105579860231694,"endHours":12.763657773889674,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:11","end":"06:50","startHours":6.182878637309871,"endHours":6.840956550967852,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:41","end":"07:30","startHours":6.676437072553357,"endHours":7.499034464625832,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:44","startHours":14.079813601205633,"endHours":14.737891514863612,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.170203169495537,"endHours":17.570203169495535,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:47","startHours":17.370203169495536,"endHours":17.781501865531773,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.120203169495536,"endHours":18.870203169495536,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:46","startHours":24.105579860231693,"endHours":24.763657773889676,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:30","end":"08:44","startHours":7.499034464625832,"endHours":8.732930552734544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:44","end":"09:58","startHours":8.732930552734544,"endHours":9.966826640843259,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:58","end":"11:12","startHours":9.966826640843259,"endHours":11.20072272895197,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:12","end":"12:26","startHours":11.20072272895197,"endHours":12.434618817060684,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:26","end":"13:40","startHours":12.434618817060684,"endHours":13.668514905169395,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:40","end":"14:54","startHours":13.668514905169395,"endHours":14.90241099327811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:54","end":"16:08","startHours":14.90241099327811,"endHours":16.13630708138682,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:08","end":"17:22","startHours":16.13630708138682,"endHours":17.370203169495536,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:22","end":"19:08","startHours":17.370203169495536,"endHours":19.136307081386825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:08","end":"20:54","startHours":19.136307081386825,"endHours":20.90241099327811,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:54","end":"22:40","startHours":20.90241099327811,"endHours":22.668514905169395,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:40","end":"00:26","startHours":22.668514905169395,"endHours":24.434618817060684,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:26","end":"02:12","startHours":24.434618817060684,"endHours":26.200722728951973,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:12","end":"03:58","startHours":26.200722728951973,"endHours":27.96682664084326,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:58","end":"05:44","startHours":27.96682664084326,"endHours":29.732930552734544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:44","end":"07:30","startHours":29.732930552734544,"endHours":31.499034464625833,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.499034464625832,"endHours":8.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.499034464625833,"endHours":9.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.499034464625833,"endHours":10.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.499034464625833,"endHours":11.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.499034464625833,"endHours":12.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.499034464625833,"endHours":13.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.499034464625833,"endHours":14.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.499034464625833,"endHours":15.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.499034464625833,"endHours":16.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.499034464625833,"endHours":17.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.499034464625833,"endHours":18.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.499034464625833,"endHours":19.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.499034464625833,"endHours":20.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.499034464625833,"endHours":21.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.499034464625833,"endHours":22.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.499034464625833,"endHours":23.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.499034464625833,"endHours":24.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.499034464625833,"endHours":25.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.499034464625833,"endHours":26.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.499034464625833,"endHours":27.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.499034464625833,"endHours":28.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.499034464625833,"endHours":29.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.499034464625833,"endHours":30.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":30.499034464625833,"endHours":31.499034464625833,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":20.79731700826637,"eotMinutes":-5.929529023641085,"ayanamsa":24.0283}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 19, 2012 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 19, 2012 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 07:30, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2012-07-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2012-07-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2012-07-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2012-07-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2012-07-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:31:25.013Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:31:25.013Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T16:31:25.013Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}