{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2003-01-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2003-01-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-01-23","date_display":"January 23, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452662.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864197.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.6533,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":156.9142,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.2609,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2609},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":156.9142,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2475},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":75.5675},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452662.770833,"ahargana":1864197.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8958,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.71070299999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":158.24920299999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.199},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":219.857303,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":258.25250299999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":110.47240299999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":232.14210300000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.95600300000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.8574,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.8574,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452662.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864197.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.6533,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":156.9142,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.2609,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2609},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":156.9142,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2475},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":75.5675},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.199,"elongation":121.739},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.199,"opposition_distance":58.261}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"19:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":14.29165100382378,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 17 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 42 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:25","moonsetLocal":"10:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:19","end":"16:06","startHours":14.319003001813268,"endHours":16.105459377291243,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:23","end":"07:10","startHours":5.386721124423407,"endHours":7.17317749990138,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:45","startHours":8.959633875379353,"endHours":10.746090250857325,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:43","end":"09:12","startHours":8.72143969198229,"endHours":9.197828058776416,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:59","end":"06:22","startHours":5.982206582916064,"endHours":6.363317276351365,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"13:01","startHours":12.05615825954117,"endHours":13.008934993129422,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:29","end":"04:26","startHours":3.4811676572469032,"endHours":4.433944390835155,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:12","end":"05:23","startHours":4.195750207438092,"endHours":5.386721124423407,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:52","startHours":14.914488460305925,"endHours":15.867265193894177,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:29","end":"19:53","startHours":19.478372128247187,"endHours":19.878372128247186,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:41","end":"20:16","startHours":19.678372128247187,"endHours":20.273857586739844,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:26","end":"21:11","startHours":19.428372128247187,"endHours":21.178372128247187,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"01:01","startHours":24.05615825954117,"endHours":25.008934993129422,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:23","end":"07:10","startHours":5.386721124423407,"endHours":7.17317749990138,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:10","end":"08:58","startHours":7.17317749990138,"endHours":8.959633875379353,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:58","end":"10:45","startHours":8.959633875379353,"endHours":10.746090250857325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:45","end":"12:32","startHours":10.746090250857325,"endHours":12.532546626335296,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:32","end":"14:19","startHours":12.532546626335296,"endHours":14.319003001813268,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:19","end":"16:06","startHours":14.319003001813268,"endHours":16.105459377291243,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:06","end":"17:54","startHours":16.105459377291243,"endHours":17.891915752769215,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:54","end":"19:41","startHours":17.891915752769215,"endHours":19.678372128247187,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:41","end":"20:54","startHours":19.678372128247187,"endHours":20.891915752769215,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:54","end":"22:06","startHours":20.891915752769215,"endHours":22.10545937729124,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:06","end":"23:19","startHours":22.10545937729124,"endHours":23.319003001813268,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:19","end":"00:32","startHours":23.319003001813268,"endHours":24.532546626335296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:32","end":"01:45","startHours":24.532546626335296,"endHours":25.746090250857325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:45","end":"02:58","startHours":25.746090250857325,"endHours":26.959633875379353,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:58","end":"04:10","startHours":26.959633875379353,"endHours":28.173177499901378,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:10","end":"05:23","startHours":28.173177499901378,"endHours":29.386721124423406,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.386721124423407,"endHours":6.386721124423407,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.386721124423407,"endHours":7.386721124423407,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.386721124423407,"endHours":8.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.386721124423406,"endHours":9.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.386721124423406,"endHours":10.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.386721124423406,"endHours":11.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.386721124423406,"endHours":12.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.386721124423406,"endHours":13.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.386721124423406,"endHours":14.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.386721124423406,"endHours":15.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.386721124423406,"endHours":16.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.386721124423406,"endHours":17.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.386721124423406,"endHours":18.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.386721124423406,"endHours":19.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.386721124423406,"endHours":20.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.386721124423406,"endHours":21.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.386721124423406,"endHours":22.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.386721124423406,"endHours":23.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.386721124423406,"endHours":24.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.386721124423406,"endHours":25.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.386721124423406,"endHours":26.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.386721124423406,"endHours":27.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.386721124423406,"endHours":28.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.386721124423406,"endHours":29.386721124423406,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.575355992268317,"eotMinutes":-11.805197580117738,"ayanamsa":23.8958}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 23, 2003 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 23, 2003 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 19:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2003-01-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2003-01-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2003-01-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2003-01-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2003-01-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:30:30.780Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:30:30.780Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T03:30:30.780Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}