{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2002-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452334.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863869.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.5441,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":158.122,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":201.5779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5779},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":158.122,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.4554},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":114.6662},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452334.770833,"ahargana":1863869.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8832,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.396035,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":160.11273499999993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4836},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":5.713635000000011,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":290.8331350000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":71.64723500000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":327.344735,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.46623499999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":63.2365,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":243.2365,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452334.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863869.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.5441,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":158.122,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":201.5779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5779},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":158.122,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.4554},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":114.6662},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.484,"elongation":158.422},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.484,"opposition_distance":21.578}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:05","sunsetLocal":"19:02","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.947239185866284,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 56 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 03 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:00","moonsetLocal":"08:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:56","end":"12:33","startHours":10.934774104385294,"endHours":12.553179002618577,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:47","end":"17:25","startHours":15.789988799085151,"endHours":17.408393697318434,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:42","end":"09:19","startHours":7.697964307918722,"endHours":9.316369206152007,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:32","startHours":9.10058188638757,"endHours":9.532156525916445,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:37","end":"06:58","startHours":6.619027709096532,"endHours":6.964287420719633,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:59","startHours":12.121604363089704,"endHours":12.984753642147455,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:21","end":"05:13","startHours":4.353260851569932,"endHours":5.216410130627684,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:00","end":"06:05","startHours":5.000622810863246,"endHours":6.079559409685436,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:34","startHours":14.711052200262959,"endHours":15.574201479320712,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:50","end":"19:14","startHours":18.826798595551722,"endHours":19.22679859555172,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:02","end":"19:34","startHours":19.02679859555172,"endHours":19.566266894962816,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:47","end":"20:32","startHours":18.77679859555172,"endHours":20.52679859555172,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:59","startHours":24.121604363089702,"endHours":24.984753642147453,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:05","end":"07:42","startHours":6.079559409685436,"endHours":7.697964307918722,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:42","end":"09:19","startHours":7.697964307918722,"endHours":9.316369206152007,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:19","end":"10:56","startHours":9.316369206152007,"endHours":10.934774104385294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:56","end":"12:33","startHours":10.934774104385294,"endHours":12.553179002618577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:33","end":"14:10","startHours":12.553179002618577,"endHours":14.171583900851864,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:10","end":"15:47","startHours":14.171583900851864,"endHours":15.789988799085151,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:47","end":"17:25","startHours":15.789988799085151,"endHours":17.408393697318434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:25","end":"19:02","startHours":17.408393697318434,"endHours":19.02679859555172,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:02","end":"20:25","startHours":19.02679859555172,"endHours":20.408393697318434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:25","end":"21:47","startHours":20.408393697318434,"endHours":21.78998879908515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:47","end":"23:10","startHours":21.78998879908515,"endHours":23.171583900851864,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:10","end":"00:33","startHours":23.171583900851864,"endHours":24.553179002618577,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:33","end":"01:56","startHours":24.553179002618577,"endHours":25.934774104385294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:56","end":"03:19","startHours":25.934774104385294,"endHours":27.316369206152007,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:19","end":"04:42","startHours":27.316369206152007,"endHours":28.697964307918724,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:42","end":"06:05","startHours":28.697964307918724,"endHours":30.079559409685437,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":6.079559409685436,"endHours":7.079559409685436,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.079559409685436,"endHours":8.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.079559409685437,"endHours":9.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.079559409685437,"endHours":10.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.079559409685437,"endHours":11.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.079559409685437,"endHours":12.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.079559409685437,"endHours":13.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.079559409685437,"endHours":14.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.079559409685437,"endHours":15.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.079559409685437,"endHours":16.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.079559409685437,"endHours":17.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.079559409685437,"endHours":18.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.079559409685437,"endHours":19.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.079559409685437,"endHours":20.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.079559409685437,"endHours":21.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.079559409685437,"endHours":22.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.079559409685437,"endHours":23.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.079559409685437,"endHours":24.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.079559409685437,"endHours":25.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.079559409685437,"endHours":26.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.079559409685437,"endHours":27.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.079559409685437,"endHours":28.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.079559409685437,"endHours":29.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.079559409685437,"endHours":30.079559409685437,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.712907348583338,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.8832}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2002 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2002 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:05, sūryāsta 19:02.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:45:52.956Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:45:52.956Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T16:45:52.956Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}