{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2002-01-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-01-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-01-20","date_display":"January 20, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452294.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863829.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.8425,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":350.3516,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.5091,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.5091},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":350.3516,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6849},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.194},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452294.770833,"ahargana":1863829.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8817,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.91956400000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":347.133964,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3465},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":336.920964,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":290.492664,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":74.22306400000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":277.23506399999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.38106399999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":65.3559,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":245.3559,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452294.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863829.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.8425,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":350.3516,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.5091,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.5091},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":350.3516,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6849},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.194},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.346,"elongation":74.509},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.346,"opposition_distance":105.491}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:20","sunsetLocal":"19:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":14.367655563258188,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 22 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 37 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:27","moonsetLocal":"23:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:54","end":"19:42","startHours":17.906402558508976,"endHours":19.70235950391625,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:31","end":"14:19","startHours":12.518531722287154,"endHours":14.314488667694429,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"16:07","end":"17:54","startHours":16.110445613101703,"endHours":17.906402558508976,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:41","end":"09:10","startHours":8.687156905418306,"endHours":9.166078757526911,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:19","startHours":5.933356255793819,"endHours":6.3164937374807035,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"13:00","startHours":12.039609870178548,"endHours":12.99745357439576,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:25","end":"04:23","startHours":3.419016532223636,"endHours":4.376860236440848,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:08","end":"05:20","startHours":4.137399310386545,"endHours":5.334703940658061,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:52","startHours":14.913140982830187,"endHours":15.8709846870474,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:30","end":"19:54","startHours":19.50235950391625,"endHours":19.902359503916248,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:42","end":"20:18","startHours":19.70235950391625,"endHours":20.301011819052007,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:27","end":"21:12","startHours":19.45235950391625,"endHours":21.20235950391625,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"01:00","startHours":24.03960987017855,"endHours":24.99745357439576,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:20","end":"07:08","startHours":5.334703940658061,"endHours":7.130660886065335,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:08","end":"08:56","startHours":7.130660886065335,"endHours":8.926617831472608,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:56","end":"10:43","startHours":8.926617831472608,"endHours":10.722574776879881,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:43","end":"12:31","startHours":10.722574776879881,"endHours":12.518531722287154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"14:19","startHours":12.518531722287154,"endHours":14.314488667694429,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:19","end":"16:07","startHours":14.314488667694429,"endHours":16.110445613101703,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:07","end":"17:54","startHours":16.110445613101703,"endHours":17.906402558508976,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:54","end":"19:42","startHours":17.906402558508976,"endHours":19.70235950391625,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:42","end":"20:54","startHours":19.70235950391625,"endHours":20.906402558508976,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:54","end":"22:07","startHours":20.906402558508976,"endHours":22.110445613101703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:07","end":"23:19","startHours":22.110445613101703,"endHours":23.314488667694427,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:19","end":"00:31","startHours":23.314488667694427,"endHours":24.518531722287154,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:31","end":"01:43","startHours":24.518531722287154,"endHours":25.72257477687988,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:43","end":"02:56","startHours":25.72257477687988,"endHours":26.92661783147261,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:56","end":"04:08","startHours":26.92661783147261,"endHours":28.130660886065336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:08","end":"05:20","startHours":28.130660886065336,"endHours":29.33470394065806,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":5.334703940658061,"endHours":6.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.334703940658061,"endHours":7.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.334703940658061,"endHours":8.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.334703940658061,"endHours":9.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.334703940658061,"endHours":10.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.334703940658061,"endHours":11.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.334703940658061,"endHours":12.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.334703940658061,"endHours":13.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.334703940658061,"endHours":14.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.334703940658061,"endHours":15.334703940658061,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.334703940658061,"endHours":16.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.33470394065806,"endHours":17.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.33470394065806,"endHours":18.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.33470394065806,"endHours":19.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.33470394065806,"endHours":20.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.33470394065806,"endHours":21.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.33470394065806,"endHours":22.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.33470394065806,"endHours":23.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.33470394065806,"endHours":24.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.33470394065806,"endHours":25.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.33470394065806,"endHours":26.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.33470394065806,"endHours":27.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.33470394065806,"endHours":28.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.33470394065806,"endHours":29.33470394065806,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.189983698241306,"eotMinutes":-10.9643033372293,"ayanamsa":23.8817}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 20, 2002 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 20, 2002 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:20, sūryāsta 19:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-01-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-01-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-01-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-01-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2002-01-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T11:00:01.748Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T11:00:01.748Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T11:00:01.748Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}