{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2000-01-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2000-01-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-01-17","date_display":"January 17, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451560.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863095.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.2688,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":37.3776,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":125.1088,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.1088},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":37.3776,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.711},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.6464},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451560.770833,"ahargana":1863095.2708,"kali_year":5101,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8536,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.369408,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":34.573308,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1376},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":316.15780799999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":273.04990799999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":2.426308000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":236.61830800000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.380808000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":104.2467,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2467,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451560.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863095.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.2688,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":37.3776,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":125.1088,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.1088},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":37.3776,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.711},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.6464},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.138,"elongation":125.109},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.138,"opposition_distance":54.891}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.697,"opposition_distance":1.262}]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:16","sunsetLocal":"19:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":14.457002298445893,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 27 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 32 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:41","moonsetLocal":"01:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:05","end":"08:53","startHours":7.081518950517934,"endHours":8.88864423782367,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:42","end":"12:30","startHours":10.695769525129407,"endHours":12.502894812435144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:19","end":"16:07","startHours":14.310020099740882,"endHours":16.117145387046616,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:39","end":"09:08","startHours":8.647694199516238,"endHours":9.129594276131101,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:53","end":"06:16","startHours":5.876768758980776,"endHours":6.2622888202726665,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:59","startHours":12.020994735820281,"endHours":12.984794889050008,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:21","end":"04:19","startHours":3.3467933567527446,"endHours":4.310593509982471,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:04","end":"05:16","startHours":4.06964347167504,"endHours":5.274393663212197,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:53","startHours":14.912395195509461,"endHours":15.876195348739188,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:32","end":"19:56","startHours":19.53139596165809,"endHours":19.93139596165809,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:44","end":"20:20","startHours":19.73139596165809,"endHours":20.33377105742667,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:29","end":"21:14","startHours":19.48139596165809,"endHours":21.23139596165809,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:59","startHours":24.02099473582028,"endHours":24.984794889050008,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:16","end":"07:05","startHours":5.274393663212197,"endHours":7.081518950517934,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:05","end":"08:53","startHours":7.081518950517934,"endHours":8.88864423782367,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:53","end":"10:42","startHours":8.88864423782367,"endHours":10.695769525129407,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:42","end":"12:30","startHours":10.695769525129407,"endHours":12.502894812435144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:30","end":"14:19","startHours":12.502894812435144,"endHours":14.310020099740882,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:19","end":"16:07","startHours":14.310020099740882,"endHours":16.117145387046616,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:07","end":"17:55","startHours":16.117145387046616,"endHours":17.924270674352353,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:55","end":"19:44","startHours":17.924270674352353,"endHours":19.73139596165809,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:44","end":"20:55","startHours":19.73139596165809,"endHours":20.924270674352353,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:55","end":"22:07","startHours":20.924270674352353,"endHours":22.11714538704662,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:07","end":"23:19","startHours":22.11714538704662,"endHours":23.310020099740882,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:19","end":"00:30","startHours":23.310020099740882,"endHours":24.502894812435144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:30","end":"01:42","startHours":24.502894812435144,"endHours":25.695769525129407,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:42","end":"02:53","startHours":25.695769525129407,"endHours":26.88864423782367,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:53","end":"04:05","startHours":26.88864423782367,"endHours":28.081518950517935,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:05","end":"05:16","startHours":28.081518950517935,"endHours":29.274393663212198,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":5.274393663212197,"endHours":6.274393663212197,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.274393663212197,"endHours":7.274393663212197,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.274393663212197,"endHours":8.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.274393663212198,"endHours":9.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.274393663212198,"endHours":10.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.274393663212198,"endHours":11.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.274393663212198,"endHours":12.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.274393663212198,"endHours":13.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.274393663212198,"endHours":14.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.274393663212198,"endHours":15.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.274393663212198,"endHours":16.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.274393663212198,"endHours":17.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.274393663212198,"endHours":18.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.274393663212198,"endHours":19.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.274393663212198,"endHours":20.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.274393663212198,"endHours":21.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.274393663212198,"endHours":22.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.274393663212198,"endHours":23.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.274393663212198,"endHours":24.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.274393663212198,"endHours":25.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.274393663212198,"endHours":26.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.274393663212198,"endHours":27.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.274393663212198,"endHours":28.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.274393663212198,"endHours":29.274393663212198,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.90369439856125,"eotMinutes":-10.026088746108654,"ayanamsa":23.8536}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jaya-ekadashi","name":"Jayā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"जया एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes pretatva (ghost-state); grants victory.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 17, 2000 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 17, 2000 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:16, sūryāsta 19:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2000-01-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2000-01-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2000-01-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2000-01-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2000-01-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T17:17:21.316Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T17:17:21.316Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T17:17:21.316Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}