{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:1998-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1998-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451057.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862592.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.9011,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":246.8239,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":112.9227,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9227},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3,"moon_longitude":246.8239,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8239},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":20.725},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451057.770833,"ahargana":1862592.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8344,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.584426,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":245.34872599999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0463},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":103.398526,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":116.49112600000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":331.17612600000007,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":119.10542600000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.505826000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":130.8981,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":310.8981,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451057.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862592.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.9011,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":246.8239,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":112.9227,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9227},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3,"moon_longitude":246.8239,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8239},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":20.725},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.046,"elongation":112.923},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.046,"opposition_distance":67.077}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.467,"elongation":1.174}]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:42","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":11.264218354962392,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 44 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:21","moonsetLocal":"03:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:09","end":"16:33","startHours":15.143914291889374,"endHours":16.551941586259673,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:31","end":"10:55","startHours":9.51180511440818,"endHours":10.919832408778479,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:20","end":"13:44","startHours":12.327859703148778,"endHours":13.735886997519078,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:19","end":"09:42","startHours":9.324068141825473,"endHours":9.699542086990887,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:10","end":"07:28","startHours":7.165092957124348,"endHours":7.465472113256679,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:42","startHours":11.952385757983363,"endHours":12.70333364831419,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:12","end":"05:57","startHours":5.19385474500593,"endHours":5.944802635336756,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:45","end":"06:42","startHours":5.757065662754049,"endHours":6.695750525667582,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"14:57","startHours":14.205229428975843,"endHours":14.956177319306668,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.759968880629973,"endHours":18.15996888062997,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:26","startHours":17.959968880629972,"endHours":18.42931131208674,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.709968880629972,"endHours":19.459968880629972,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:42","startHours":23.95238575798336,"endHours":24.70333364831419,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:42","end":"08:06","startHours":6.695750525667582,"endHours":8.10377782003788,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:06","end":"09:31","startHours":8.10377782003788,"endHours":9.51180511440818,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:31","end":"10:55","startHours":9.51180511440818,"endHours":10.919832408778479,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:55","end":"12:20","startHours":10.919832408778479,"endHours":12.327859703148778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:20","end":"13:44","startHours":12.327859703148778,"endHours":13.735886997519078,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:44","end":"15:09","startHours":13.735886997519078,"endHours":15.143914291889374,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:09","end":"16:33","startHours":15.143914291889374,"endHours":16.551941586259673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:33","end":"17:58","startHours":16.551941586259673,"endHours":17.959968880629972,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:58","end":"19:33","startHours":17.959968880629972,"endHours":19.551941586259673,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:33","end":"21:09","startHours":19.551941586259673,"endHours":21.143914291889374,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:09","end":"22:44","startHours":21.143914291889374,"endHours":22.735886997519074,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:44","end":"00:20","startHours":22.735886997519074,"endHours":24.327859703148775,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:20","end":"01:55","startHours":24.327859703148775,"endHours":25.919832408778475,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:55","end":"03:31","startHours":25.919832408778475,"endHours":27.51180511440818,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:31","end":"05:06","startHours":27.51180511440818,"endHours":29.10377782003788,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:06","end":"06:42","startHours":29.10377782003788,"endHours":30.69575052566758,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.695750525667582,"endHours":7.695750525667582,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.695750525667582,"endHours":8.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.69575052566758,"endHours":9.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.69575052566758,"endHours":10.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.69575052566758,"endHours":11.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.69575052566758,"endHours":12.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.69575052566758,"endHours":13.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.69575052566758,"endHours":14.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.69575052566758,"endHours":15.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.69575052566758,"endHours":16.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.69575052566758,"endHours":17.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.69575052566758,"endHours":18.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.69575052566758,"endHours":19.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.69575052566758,"endHours":20.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.69575052566758,"endHours":21.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.69575052566758,"endHours":22.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.69575052566758,"endHours":23.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.69575052566758,"endHours":24.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.69575052566758,"endHours":25.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.69575052566758,"endHours":26.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.69575052566758,"endHours":27.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.69575052566758,"endHours":28.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.69575052566758,"endHours":29.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":29.69575052566758,"endHours":30.69575052566758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.412194048191678,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":23.8344}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 1998 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 1998 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:42, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1998-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1998-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1998-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1998-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1998-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T03:22:04.714Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T03:22:04.714Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T03:22:04.714Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}