{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:1997-10-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1997-10-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-10-17","date_display":"October 17, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450738.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862273.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.1625,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.8968,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":192.7343,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7343},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":11.8968,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8968},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":191.0593},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450738.770833,"ahargana":1862273.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8222,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.88771399999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":12.208614000000011,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.1298},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":229.08101399999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":182.039314,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":288.397914,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":225.879414,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":352.488114,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":147.8002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":327.8002,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450738.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862273.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.1625,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.8968,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":192.7343,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7343},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":11.8968,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8968},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":191.0593},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.13,"elongation":167.266},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.13,"opposition_distance":12.734}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:32","sunsetLocal":"18:38","solarNoonLocal":"12:05","dayLengthHours":13.106823898540505,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:34","moonsetLocal":"06:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:27","end":"12:05","startHours":10.44365001998197,"endHours":12.082003007299534,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:22","end":"17:00","startHours":15.358708981934658,"endHours":16.997061969252222,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:10","end":"08:48","startHours":7.166944045346844,"endHours":8.805297032664406,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:35","end":"09:01","startHours":8.586849967688732,"endHours":9.023744097640082,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:04","end":"06:25","startHours":6.074708720468468,"endHours":6.424224024429549,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:31","startHours":11.645108877348184,"endHours":12.518897137250883,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:47","end":"04:39","startHours":3.78101453822388,"endHours":4.65480279812658,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:26","end":"05:32","startHours":4.436355733150905,"endHours":5.5285910580292805,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"15:08","startHours":14.266473657056284,"endHours":15.140261916958984,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:26","end":"18:50","startHours":18.435414956569787,"endHours":18.835414956569785,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:38","end":"19:11","startHours":18.635414956569786,"endHours":19.181532619008973,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:23","end":"20:08","startHours":18.385414956569786,"endHours":20.135414956569786,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:31","startHours":23.645108877348182,"endHours":24.518897137250885,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:32","end":"07:10","startHours":5.5285910580292805,"endHours":7.166944045346844,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:10","end":"08:48","startHours":7.166944045346844,"endHours":8.805297032664406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:48","end":"10:27","startHours":8.805297032664406,"endHours":10.44365001998197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:27","end":"12:05","startHours":10.44365001998197,"endHours":12.082003007299534,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:05","end":"13:43","startHours":12.082003007299534,"endHours":13.720355994617098,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:43","end":"15:22","startHours":13.720355994617098,"endHours":15.358708981934658,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:22","end":"17:00","startHours":15.358708981934658,"endHours":16.997061969252222,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:00","end":"18:38","startHours":16.997061969252222,"endHours":18.635414956569786,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:38","end":"20:00","startHours":18.635414956569786,"endHours":19.997061969252222,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:00","end":"21:22","startHours":19.997061969252222,"endHours":21.35870898193466,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:22","end":"22:43","startHours":21.35870898193466,"endHours":22.720355994617098,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:43","end":"00:05","startHours":22.720355994617098,"endHours":24.082003007299534,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:05","end":"01:27","startHours":24.082003007299534,"endHours":25.44365001998197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:27","end":"02:48","startHours":25.44365001998197,"endHours":26.805297032664406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:48","end":"04:10","startHours":26.805297032664406,"endHours":28.166944045346845,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:10","end":"05:32","startHours":28.166944045346845,"endHours":29.52859105802928,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:32","end":"06:32","startHours":5.5285910580292805,"endHours":6.5285910580292805,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:32","end":"07:32","startHours":6.5285910580292805,"endHours":7.5285910580292805,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:32","end":"08:32","startHours":7.5285910580292805,"endHours":8.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:32","end":"09:32","startHours":8.528591058029281,"endHours":9.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:32","end":"10:32","startHours":9.528591058029281,"endHours":10.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:32","end":"11:32","startHours":10.528591058029281,"endHours":11.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:32","end":"12:32","startHours":11.528591058029281,"endHours":12.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:32","end":"13:32","startHours":12.528591058029281,"endHours":13.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:32","end":"14:32","startHours":13.528591058029281,"endHours":14.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:32","end":"15:32","startHours":14.528591058029281,"endHours":15.528591058029281,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:32","end":"16:32","startHours":15.528591058029281,"endHours":16.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:32","end":"17:32","startHours":16.52859105802928,"endHours":17.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:32","end":"18:32","startHours":17.52859105802928,"endHours":18.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:32","end":"19:32","startHours":18.52859105802928,"endHours":19.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:32","end":"20:32","startHours":19.52859105802928,"endHours":20.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:32","end":"21:32","startHours":20.52859105802928,"endHours":21.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:32","end":"22:32","startHours":21.52859105802928,"endHours":22.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:32","end":"23:32","startHours":22.52859105802928,"endHours":23.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:32","end":"00:32","startHours":23.52859105802928,"endHours":24.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:32","end":"01:32","startHours":24.52859105802928,"endHours":25.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:32","end":"02:32","startHours":25.52859105802928,"endHours":26.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:32","end":"03:32","startHours":26.52859105802928,"endHours":27.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:32","end":"04:32","startHours":27.52859105802928,"endHours":28.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:32","end":"05:32","startHours":28.52859105802928,"endHours":29.52859105802928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-9.202873382543396,"eotMinutes":15.227419562027912,"ayanamsa":23.8222}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 17, 1997 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 17, 1997 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:32, sūryāsta 18:38.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1997-10-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1997-10-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1997-10-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1997-10-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1997-10-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T07:05:50.806Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T07:05:50.806Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T07:05:50.806Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}