{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:1990-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1990-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1990-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1990 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448100.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859635.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.5139,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.3327,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":72.8188,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.8188},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4,"moon_longitude":173.3327,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.3327},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":273.8467},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1990,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448100.770833,"ahargana":1859635.2708,"kali_year":5092,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7213,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.00300500000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.74780499999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1025},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":16.492504999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":124.31300499999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":91.658705,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":75.93040500000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":267.13250500000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":287.5742,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":107.5742,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448100.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859635.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.5139,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.3327,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":72.8188,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.8188},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4,"moon_longitude":173.3327,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.3327},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":273.8467},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.102,"elongation":72.819},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.102,"opposition_distance":107.181}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-6,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.982,"elongation":0.451}]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:24","sunsetLocal":"17:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":10.077808385786966,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 04 Mins 40 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 55 Mins 20 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:53","moonsetLocal":"23:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:55","end":"11:11","startHours":9.919180448159945,"endHours":11.178906496383316,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:42","end":"14:57","startHours":13.698358592830058,"endHours":14.958084641053428,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:24","end":"08:40","startHours":7.399728351713205,"endHours":8.659454399936575,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:45","end":"10:05","startHours":9.751216975063496,"endHours":10.087143921256395,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:49","end":"08:05","startHours":7.8196370344543285,"endHours":8.088378591408647,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:46","startHours":12.102705598413788,"endHours":12.774559490799586,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:03","end":"06:44","startHours":6.056020566941609,"endHours":6.727874459327407,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:34","end":"07:24","startHours":6.559910986230958,"endHours":7.399728351713205,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:47","startHours":14.118267275571181,"endHours":14.790121167956979,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:17","end":"17:41","startHours":17.27753673750017,"endHours":17.67753673750017,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:29","end":"17:54","startHours":17.47753673750017,"endHours":17.897445420241294,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:59","startHours":17.22753673750017,"endHours":18.97753673750017,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:46","startHours":24.102705598413788,"endHours":24.774559490799586,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:24","end":"08:40","startHours":7.399728351713205,"endHours":8.659454399936575,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:40","end":"09:55","startHours":8.659454399936575,"endHours":9.919180448159945,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:55","end":"11:11","startHours":9.919180448159945,"endHours":11.178906496383316,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:11","end":"12:26","startHours":11.178906496383316,"endHours":12.438632544606687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:26","end":"13:42","startHours":12.438632544606687,"endHours":13.698358592830058,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:42","end":"14:57","startHours":13.698358592830058,"endHours":14.958084641053428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:57","end":"16:13","startHours":14.958084641053428,"endHours":16.2178106892768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:13","end":"17:29","startHours":16.2178106892768,"endHours":17.47753673750017,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:29","end":"19:13","startHours":17.47753673750017,"endHours":19.2178106892768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:13","end":"20:57","startHours":19.2178106892768,"endHours":20.95808464105343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:57","end":"22:42","startHours":20.95808464105343,"endHours":22.698358592830058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:42","end":"00:26","startHours":22.698358592830058,"endHours":24.438632544606687,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:26","end":"02:11","startHours":24.438632544606687,"endHours":26.178906496383316,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:11","end":"03:55","startHours":26.178906496383316,"endHours":27.919180448159945,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:55","end":"05:40","startHours":27.919180448159945,"endHours":29.659454399936575,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:40","end":"07:24","startHours":29.659454399936575,"endHours":31.399728351713204,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.399728351713205,"endHours":8.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.399728351713204,"endHours":9.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.399728351713204,"endHours":10.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.399728351713204,"endHours":11.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.399728351713204,"endHours":12.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.399728351713204,"endHours":13.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.399728351713204,"endHours":14.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.399728351713204,"endHours":15.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.399728351713204,"endHours":16.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.399728351713204,"endHours":17.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.399728351713204,"endHours":18.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.399728351713204,"endHours":19.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.399728351713204,"endHours":20.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.399728351713204,"endHours":21.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.399728351713204,"endHours":22.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.399728351713204,"endHours":23.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.399728351713204,"endHours":24.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.399728351713204,"endHours":25.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.399728351713204,"endHours":26.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.399728351713204,"endHours":27.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.399728351713204,"endHours":28.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.399728351713204,"endHours":29.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":29.399728351713204,"endHours":30.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":30.399728351713204,"endHours":31.399728351713204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.08056173611168,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":23.7213}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2047,"vikram_samvatsara":"Subhānu","saka_samvat":1912,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramoda","bengali_samvat":1397,"malayalam_era":1166,"nanakshahi_year":521,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2047 Subhānu · Śaka 1912 Pramoda"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1990 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 1990 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:24, sūryāsta 17:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1990-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1990-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1990-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1990-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1990-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T07:21:51.711Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T07:21:51.711Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T07:21:51.711Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}