{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:1978-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1978-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443539.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855074.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3223,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.2426,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.9203,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9203},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":188.2426,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.576},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.565},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443539.770833,"ahargana":1855074.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5468,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.259869,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.30766900000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.4641},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":94.91076899999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":269.798669,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":62.936869,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":289.681069,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":124.82416899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.2379,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.2379,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443539.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855074.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3223,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.2426,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.9203,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9203},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":188.2426,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.576},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.565},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.464,"elongation":99.08},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.464,"opposition_distance":80.92}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:32","sunsetLocal":"19:35","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":14.04336172395913,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 02 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 57 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:08","moonsetLocal":"12:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:04","end":"17:50","startHours":16.072126906687153,"endHours":17.827547122182043,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:03","end":"10:48","startHours":9.050446044707586,"endHours":10.805866260202478,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:34","end":"14:19","startHours":12.561286475697369,"endHours":14.316706691192259,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:17","startHours":8.816390015974934,"endHours":9.284502073440239,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:07","end":"06:30","startHours":6.124745685549434,"endHours":6.499235331521677,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"13:02","startHours":12.093174418232064,"endHours":13.029398533162674,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:40","end":"04:36","startHours":3.667157383856586,"endHours":4.603381498787195,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:22","end":"05:32","startHours":4.369325470054543,"endHours":5.539605613717804,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:54","end":"15:50","startHours":14.90184676302389,"endHours":15.838070877954499,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:23","end":"19:47","startHours":19.382967337676934,"endHours":19.782967337676933,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:35","end":"20:10","startHours":19.582967337676934,"endHours":20.168107409508565,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:20","end":"21:05","startHours":19.332967337676934,"endHours":21.082967337676934,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"01:02","startHours":24.093174418232064,"endHours":25.029398533162674,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:32","end":"07:18","startHours":5.539605613717804,"endHours":7.295025829212695,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:18","end":"09:03","startHours":7.295025829212695,"endHours":9.050446044707586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:03","end":"10:48","startHours":9.050446044707586,"endHours":10.805866260202478,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:48","end":"12:34","startHours":10.805866260202478,"endHours":12.561286475697369,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:34","end":"14:19","startHours":12.561286475697369,"endHours":14.316706691192259,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:19","end":"16:04","startHours":14.316706691192259,"endHours":16.072126906687153,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:04","end":"17:50","startHours":16.072126906687153,"endHours":17.827547122182043,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:50","end":"19:35","startHours":17.827547122182043,"endHours":19.582967337676934,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:35","end":"20:50","startHours":19.582967337676934,"endHours":20.827547122182043,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:50","end":"22:04","startHours":20.827547122182043,"endHours":22.072126906687153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:04","end":"23:19","startHours":22.072126906687153,"endHours":23.31670669119226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:19","end":"00:34","startHours":23.31670669119226,"endHours":24.56128647569737,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:34","end":"01:48","startHours":24.56128647569737,"endHours":25.805866260202478,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:48","end":"03:03","startHours":25.805866260202478,"endHours":27.050446044707584,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:03","end":"04:18","startHours":27.050446044707584,"endHours":28.295025829212694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:18","end":"05:32","startHours":28.295025829212694,"endHours":29.539605613717804,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:32","end":"06:32","startHours":5.539605613717804,"endHours":6.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:32","end":"07:32","startHours":6.539605613717804,"endHours":7.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:32","end":"08:32","startHours":7.539605613717804,"endHours":8.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:32","end":"09:32","startHours":8.539605613717804,"endHours":9.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:32","end":"10:32","startHours":9.539605613717804,"endHours":10.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:32","end":"11:32","startHours":10.539605613717804,"endHours":11.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:32","end":"12:32","startHours":11.539605613717804,"endHours":12.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:32","end":"13:32","startHours":12.539605613717804,"endHours":13.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:32","end":"14:32","startHours":13.539605613717804,"endHours":14.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:32","end":"15:32","startHours":14.539605613717804,"endHours":15.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:32","end":"16:32","startHours":15.539605613717804,"endHours":16.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:32","end":"17:32","startHours":16.539605613717804,"endHours":17.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:32","end":"18:32","startHours":17.539605613717804,"endHours":18.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:32","end":"19:32","startHours":18.539605613717804,"endHours":19.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:32","end":"20:32","startHours":19.539605613717804,"endHours":20.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:32","end":"21:32","startHours":20.539605613717804,"endHours":21.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:32","end":"22:32","startHours":21.539605613717804,"endHours":22.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:32","end":"23:32","startHours":22.539605613717804,"endHours":23.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:32","end":"00:32","startHours":23.539605613717804,"endHours":24.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:32","end":"01:32","startHours":24.539605613717804,"endHours":25.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:32","end":"02:32","startHours":25.539605613717804,"endHours":26.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:32","end":"03:32","startHours":26.539605613717804,"endHours":27.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:32","end":"04:32","startHours":27.539605613717804,"endHours":28.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:32","end":"05:32","startHours":28.539605613717804,"endHours":29.539605613717804,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-17.52075485795302,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":23.5468}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 1978 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 1978 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:32, sūryāsta 19:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1978-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1978-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1978-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1978-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1978-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T07:08:39.406Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T07:08:39.406Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T07:08:39.406Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}