{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:1973-10-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1973-10-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1973-10-01","date_display":"October 1, 1973 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441956.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853491.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.5511,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":218.3753,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8242,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8242},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":218.3753,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.042},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":21.9264},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1973,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441956.770833,"ahargana":1853491.2708,"kali_year":5075,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4863,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":164.23355100000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":217.131351,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5624},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":15.199151000000029,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":184.24255100000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":279.134051,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":207.43905100000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":71.25965100000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":253.1128,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":73.1128,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441956.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853491.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.5511,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":218.3753,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8242,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8242},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":218.3753,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.042},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":21.9264},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.562,"elongation":54.824},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.562,"opposition_distance":125.176}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:55","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:09","dayLengthHours":12.458264742667815,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:31","moonsetLocal":"22:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:29","end":"09:02","startHours":7.477814651723162,"endHours":9.035097744556639,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:36","end":"12:09","startHours":10.592380837390117,"endHours":12.149663930223593,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:42","end":"15:16","startHours":13.706947023057069,"endHours":15.264230115890546,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:15","startHours":8.827459998845509,"endHours":9.24273549026777,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:26","end":"06:46","startHours":6.439625923167511,"endHours":6.771846316305319,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:34","startHours":11.734388438801332,"endHours":12.564939421645853,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:16","end":"05:05","startHours":4.259429593200643,"endHours":5.089980576045164,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:53","end":"05:55","startHours":4.882342830334034,"endHours":5.920531558889685,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"15:03","startHours":14.226041387334895,"endHours":15.056592370179416,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.1787963015575,"endHours":18.5787963015575,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:54","startHours":18.3787963015575,"endHours":18.897890665835327,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.1287963015575,"endHours":19.8787963015575,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:34","startHours":23.734388438801332,"endHours":24.564939421645853,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:55","end":"07:29","startHours":5.920531558889685,"endHours":7.477814651723162,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:29","end":"09:02","startHours":7.477814651723162,"endHours":9.035097744556639,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:02","end":"10:36","startHours":9.035097744556639,"endHours":10.592380837390117,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:36","end":"12:09","startHours":10.592380837390117,"endHours":12.149663930223593,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:09","end":"13:42","startHours":12.149663930223593,"endHours":13.706947023057069,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:42","end":"15:16","startHours":13.706947023057069,"endHours":15.264230115890546,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:16","end":"16:49","startHours":15.264230115890546,"endHours":16.821513208724024,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:49","end":"18:23","startHours":16.821513208724024,"endHours":18.3787963015575,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:23","end":"19:49","startHours":18.3787963015575,"endHours":19.821513208724024,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:49","end":"21:16","startHours":19.821513208724024,"endHours":21.26423011589055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:16","end":"22:42","startHours":21.26423011589055,"endHours":22.70694702305707,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:42","end":"00:09","startHours":22.70694702305707,"endHours":24.149663930223593,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:09","end":"01:36","startHours":24.149663930223593,"endHours":25.592380837390117,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:36","end":"03:02","startHours":25.592380837390117,"endHours":27.035097744556637,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:02","end":"04:29","startHours":27.035097744556637,"endHours":28.47781465172316,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:29","end":"05:55","startHours":28.47781465172316,"endHours":29.920531558889685,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:55","end":"06:55","startHours":5.920531558889685,"endHours":6.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:55","end":"07:55","startHours":6.920531558889685,"endHours":7.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:55","end":"08:55","startHours":7.920531558889685,"endHours":8.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:55","end":"09:55","startHours":8.920531558889685,"endHours":9.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:55","end":"10:55","startHours":9.920531558889685,"endHours":10.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:55","end":"11:55","startHours":10.920531558889685,"endHours":11.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:55","end":"12:55","startHours":11.920531558889685,"endHours":12.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:55","end":"13:55","startHours":12.920531558889685,"endHours":13.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:55","end":"14:55","startHours":13.920531558889685,"endHours":14.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:55","end":"15:55","startHours":14.920531558889685,"endHours":15.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:55","end":"16:55","startHours":15.920531558889685,"endHours":16.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:55","end":"17:55","startHours":16.920531558889685,"endHours":17.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:55","end":"18:55","startHours":17.920531558889685,"endHours":18.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:55","end":"19:55","startHours":18.920531558889685,"endHours":19.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:55","end":"20:55","startHours":19.920531558889685,"endHours":20.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:55","end":"21:55","startHours":20.920531558889685,"endHours":21.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:55","end":"22:55","startHours":21.920531558889685,"endHours":22.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:55","end":"23:55","startHours":22.920531558889685,"endHours":23.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:55","end":"00:55","startHours":23.920531558889685,"endHours":24.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:55","end":"01:55","startHours":24.920531558889685,"endHours":25.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:55","end":"02:55","startHours":25.920531558889685,"endHours":26.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:55","end":"03:55","startHours":26.920531558889685,"endHours":27.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:55","end":"04:55","startHours":27.920531558889685,"endHours":28.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:55","end":"05:55","startHours":28.920531558889685,"endHours":29.920531558889685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-3.062611848823302,"eotMinutes":11.167764186584405,"ayanamsa":23.4863}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2030,"vikram_samvatsara":"Akṣaya","saka_samvat":1895,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramādī","bengali_samvat":1380,"malayalam_era":1149,"nanakshahi_year":504,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2030 Akṣaya · Śaka 1895 Pramādī"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 1, 1973 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 1, 1973 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:55, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1973-10-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1973-10-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1973-10-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1973-10-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/1973-10-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T06:54:21.690Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T06:54:21.690Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T06:54:21.690Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}