{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2023-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.4492,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.6243,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.1751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1751},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":326.6243,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6243},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.0736},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1836,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.19095499999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.90865499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.919},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":158.38485500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":144.242055,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":21.393655000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":107.74785500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":309.37425499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.0937,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.0937,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.4492,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.6243,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.1751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1751},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":326.6243,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6243},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.0736},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"elongation":166.825},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"opposition_distance":13.175}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:57","sunsetLocal":"18:40","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":12.71671593593667,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:18","moonsetLocal":"07:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:19","startHours":10.724230211156694,"endHours":12.313819703148777,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:30","end":"17:05","startHours":15.492998687132944,"endHours":17.08258817912503,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:33","end":"09:08","startHours":7.545051227172526,"endHours":9.13464071916461,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:55","end":"09:21","startHours":8.922695453565666,"endHours":9.346585984763554,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:49","startHours":6.485324899177804,"endHours":6.824437324136115,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:44","startHours":11.889929171950888,"endHours":12.737710234346666,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:16","end":"05:06","startHours":4.259899610388887,"endHours":5.107680672784665,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:57","startHours":4.89573540718572,"endHours":5.955461735180442,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:17","startHours":14.433272359138222,"endHours":15.281053421534,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:28","end":"18:52","startHours":18.472177671117112,"endHours":18.87217767111711,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:40","end":"19:12","startHours":18.67217767111711,"endHours":19.202040835114474,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:25","end":"20:10","startHours":18.42217767111711,"endHours":20.17217767111711,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:44","startHours":23.88992917195089,"endHours":24.737710234346665,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:57","end":"07:33","startHours":5.955461735180442,"endHours":7.545051227172526,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:33","end":"09:08","startHours":7.545051227172526,"endHours":9.13464071916461,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:08","end":"10:43","startHours":9.13464071916461,"endHours":10.724230211156694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:19","startHours":10.724230211156694,"endHours":12.313819703148777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:19","end":"13:54","startHours":12.313819703148777,"endHours":13.90340919514086,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:54","end":"15:30","startHours":13.90340919514086,"endHours":15.492998687132944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:30","end":"17:05","startHours":15.492998687132944,"endHours":17.08258817912503,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:05","end":"18:40","startHours":17.08258817912503,"endHours":18.67217767111711,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:40","end":"20:05","startHours":18.67217767111711,"endHours":20.08258817912503,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:05","end":"21:30","startHours":20.08258817912503,"endHours":21.492998687132946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:30","end":"22:54","startHours":21.492998687132946,"endHours":22.90340919514086,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:54","end":"00:19","startHours":22.90340919514086,"endHours":24.313819703148777,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:19","end":"01:43","startHours":24.313819703148777,"endHours":25.724230211156694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:43","end":"03:08","startHours":25.724230211156694,"endHours":27.134640719164608,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:08","end":"04:33","startHours":27.134640719164608,"endHours":28.545051227172525,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:33","end":"05:57","startHours":28.545051227172525,"endHours":29.955461735180442,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:57","end":"06:57","startHours":5.955461735180442,"endHours":6.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:57","end":"07:57","startHours":6.955461735180442,"endHours":7.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:57","end":"08:57","startHours":7.955461735180442,"endHours":8.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:57","end":"09:57","startHours":8.955461735180442,"endHours":9.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:57","end":"10:57","startHours":9.955461735180442,"endHours":10.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:57","end":"11:57","startHours":10.955461735180442,"endHours":11.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:57","end":"12:57","startHours":11.955461735180442,"endHours":12.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:57","end":"13:57","startHours":12.955461735180442,"endHours":13.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:57","end":"14:57","startHours":13.955461735180442,"endHours":14.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:57","end":"15:57","startHours":14.955461735180442,"endHours":15.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:57","end":"16:57","startHours":15.955461735180442,"endHours":16.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:57","end":"17:57","startHours":16.955461735180442,"endHours":17.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:57","end":"18:57","startHours":17.955461735180442,"endHours":18.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:57","end":"19:57","startHours":18.955461735180442,"endHours":19.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:57","end":"20:57","startHours":19.955461735180442,"endHours":20.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:57","end":"21:57","startHours":20.955461735180442,"endHours":21.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:57","end":"22:57","startHours":21.955461735180442,"endHours":22.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:57","end":"23:57","startHours":22.955461735180442,"endHours":23.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:57","end":"00:57","startHours":23.955461735180442,"endHours":24.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:57","end":"01:57","startHours":24.955461735180442,"endHours":25.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:57","end":"02:57","startHours":25.955461735180442,"endHours":26.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:57","end":"03:57","startHours":26.955461735180442,"endHours":27.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:57","end":"04:57","startHours":27.955461735180442,"endHours":28.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:57","end":"05:57","startHours":28.955461735180442,"endHours":29.955461735180442,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.428743593330648,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":24.1836}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2023 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2023 CE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:57, sūryāsta 18:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:55:44.539Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:55:44.539Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:55:44.539Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}