{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2023-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460187.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871722.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":132.4859,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":312.1391,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":179.6532,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.6532},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":312.1391,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4725},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":84.6251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460187.770833,"ahargana":1871722.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1836,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.223993,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":312.714693,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6853},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":157.740993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":144.98279300000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":21.380493,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":107.886393,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":309.44959300000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.1467,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.1467,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460187.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871722.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":132.4859,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":312.1391,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":179.6532,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.6532},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":312.1391,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4725},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":84.6251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.685,"elongation":179.653},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.685,"opposition_distance":0.347}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:57","sunsetLocal":"18:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":12.742532175294375,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 44 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:33","moonsetLocal":"06:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:55","end":"15:30","startHours":13.912143363188672,"endHours":15.504959885100472,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:57","end":"07:32","startHours":5.948060753629689,"endHours":7.540877275541487,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:08","end":"10:44","startHours":9.133693797453283,"endHours":10.72651031936508,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:55","end":"09:21","startHours":8.921318261198376,"endHours":9.34606933370819,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:49","startHours":6.478999594266955,"endHours":6.818800452274805,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:45","startHours":11.894575768767066,"endHours":12.74407791378669,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:06","startHours":4.249056463590439,"endHours":5.098558608610064,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:53","end":"05:57","startHours":4.886183072355157,"endHours":5.948060753629689,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:18","startHours":14.443082203825941,"endHours":15.292584348845567,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:29","end":"18:53","startHours":18.490592928924066,"endHours":18.890592928924065,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:41","end":"19:13","startHours":18.690592928924065,"endHours":19.22153176956133,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:26","end":"20:11","startHours":18.440592928924065,"endHours":20.190592928924065,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:45","startHours":23.894575768767062,"endHours":24.74407791378669,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:57","end":"07:32","startHours":5.948060753629689,"endHours":7.540877275541487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:32","end":"09:08","startHours":7.540877275541487,"endHours":9.133693797453283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:08","end":"10:44","startHours":9.133693797453283,"endHours":10.72651031936508,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:44","end":"12:19","startHours":10.72651031936508,"endHours":12.319326841276876,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:19","end":"13:55","startHours":12.319326841276876,"endHours":13.912143363188672,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:55","end":"15:30","startHours":13.912143363188672,"endHours":15.504959885100472,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:30","end":"17:06","startHours":15.504959885100472,"endHours":17.09777640701227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:06","end":"18:41","startHours":17.09777640701227,"endHours":18.690592928924065,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:41","end":"20:06","startHours":18.690592928924065,"endHours":20.09777640701227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:06","end":"21:30","startHours":20.09777640701227,"endHours":21.504959885100472,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:30","end":"22:55","startHours":21.504959885100472,"endHours":22.912143363188676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:55","end":"00:19","startHours":22.912143363188676,"endHours":24.319326841276876,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:19","end":"01:44","startHours":24.319326841276876,"endHours":25.726510319365083,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:44","end":"03:08","startHours":25.726510319365083,"endHours":27.133693797453283,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:08","end":"04:32","startHours":27.133693797453283,"endHours":28.540877275541487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:32","end":"05:57","startHours":28.540877275541487,"endHours":29.94806075362969,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:57","end":"06:57","startHours":5.948060753629689,"endHours":6.948060753629689,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:57","end":"07:57","startHours":6.948060753629689,"endHours":7.948060753629689,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:57","end":"08:57","startHours":7.948060753629689,"endHours":8.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:57","end":"09:57","startHours":8.94806075362969,"endHours":9.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:57","end":"10:57","startHours":9.94806075362969,"endHours":10.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:57","end":"11:57","startHours":10.94806075362969,"endHours":11.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:57","end":"12:57","startHours":11.94806075362969,"endHours":12.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:57","end":"13:57","startHours":12.94806075362969,"endHours":13.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:57","end":"14:57","startHours":13.94806075362969,"endHours":14.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:57","end":"15:57","startHours":14.94806075362969,"endHours":15.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:57","end":"16:57","startHours":15.94806075362969,"endHours":16.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:57","end":"17:57","startHours":16.94806075362969,"endHours":17.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:57","end":"18:57","startHours":17.94806075362969,"endHours":18.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:57","end":"19:57","startHours":18.94806075362969,"endHours":19.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:57","end":"20:57","startHours":19.94806075362969,"endHours":20.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:57","end":"21:57","startHours":20.94806075362969,"endHours":21.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:57","end":"22:57","startHours":21.94806075362969,"endHours":22.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:57","end":"23:57","startHours":22.94806075362969,"endHours":23.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:57","end":"00:57","startHours":23.94806075362969,"endHours":24.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:57","end":"01:57","startHours":24.94806075362969,"endHours":25.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:57","end":"02:57","startHours":25.94806075362969,"endHours":26.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:57","end":"03:57","startHours":26.94806075362969,"endHours":27.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:57","end":"04:57","startHours":27.94806075362969,"endHours":28.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:57","end":"05:57","startHours":28.94806075362969,"endHours":29.94806075362969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.789113330462232,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":24.1836}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"raksha-bandhana","name":"Rakṣā Bandhana / Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"रक्षा बन्धन","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sister-brother bond; Brāhmaṇa Upākarma.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"jhulan-purnima","name":"Jhūlan Pūrṇimā (Rādhā-Krishna swing)","name_sanskrit":"झूलन पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rādhā-Krishna","significance":"Rādhā-Krishna swing-līlā festival; Jhūlan-yātrā culmination.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-rigveda","name":"Ṛg-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"ऋग्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","associated_deity":"Ṛṣi-paramparā","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Ṛg-Vedīs. Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-yajurveda","name":"Yajur-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"यजुर्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Yajur-Vedīs.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"hayagriva-jayanti","name":"Hayagrīva Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"हयग्रीव जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Hayagrīva (Knowledge-form of Bhagavān)","significance":"Bhagavān as Hayagrīva restored the Vedas to Brahmā. Vidyā-pradāyaka.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Devī-Bhāgavata, Hayagrīva-stotra"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Rakṣā Bandhana / Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā · Jhūlan Pūrṇimā (Rādhā-Krishna swing) · Ṛg-Veda Upākarman · Yajur-Veda Upākarman · Hayagrīva Jayantī is not live yet; Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 2023 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 2023 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:57, sūryāsta 18:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-25T16:23:57.048Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-25T16:23:57.048Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-25T16:23:57.048Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}