{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2023-05-02:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-05-02","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-05-02","date_display":"May 2, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":5,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460066.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871601.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.2286,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.4784,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":135.2498,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2498},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":152.4784,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.8117},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":169.707},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":5,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460066.770833,"ahargana":1871601.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1789,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.224716,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":153.15131599999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.9552},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":85.075016,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":16.962016000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":2.427415999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":59.373515999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":311.380316,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5579,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":193.5579,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":5,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460066.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871601.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.2286,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.4784,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":135.2498,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2498},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":152.4784,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.8117},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":169.707},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.955,"elongation":135.25},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.955,"opposition_distance":44.75}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.673,"elongation":0.011},{"offset_days":4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.836,"opposition_distance":2.976}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:40","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":13.218852480661464,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 08 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 52 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:15","moonsetLocal":"03:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:35","end":"17:14","startHours":15.57578179371269,"endHours":17.228138353795373,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:58","end":"10:37","startHours":8.966355553381959,"endHours":10.61871211346464,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:16","end":"13:55","startHours":12.271068673547324,"endHours":13.923425233630008,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:45","end":"09:11","startHours":8.746041345370934,"endHours":9.186669761392983,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:13","end":"06:34","startHours":6.212427953244153,"endHours":6.564930686061792,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:43","startHours":11.830440257525275,"endHours":12.711697089569373,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:54","end":"04:47","startHours":3.8991287691283967,"endHours":4.780385601172494,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:34","end":"05:40","startHours":4.56007139316147,"endHours":5.661642433216592,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:21","startHours":14.47421075365757,"endHours":15.355467585701668,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.680494913878057,"endHours":19.080494913878056,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:26","startHours":18.880494913878056,"endHours":19.431280433905616,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.630494913878056,"endHours":20.380494913878056,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:43","startHours":23.83044025752528,"endHours":24.711697089569373,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:40","end":"07:19","startHours":5.661642433216592,"endHours":7.3139989932992755,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:19","end":"08:58","startHours":7.3139989932992755,"endHours":8.966355553381959,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:58","end":"10:37","startHours":8.966355553381959,"endHours":10.61871211346464,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:37","end":"12:16","startHours":10.61871211346464,"endHours":12.271068673547324,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:16","end":"13:55","startHours":12.271068673547324,"endHours":13.923425233630008,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:55","end":"15:35","startHours":13.923425233630008,"endHours":15.57578179371269,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:35","end":"17:14","startHours":15.57578179371269,"endHours":17.228138353795373,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:14","end":"18:53","startHours":17.228138353795373,"endHours":18.880494913878056,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:53","end":"20:14","startHours":18.880494913878056,"endHours":20.228138353795373,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:14","end":"21:35","startHours":20.228138353795373,"endHours":21.57578179371269,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:35","end":"22:55","startHours":21.57578179371269,"endHours":22.923425233630006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:55","end":"00:16","startHours":22.923425233630006,"endHours":24.271068673547326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:16","end":"01:37","startHours":24.271068673547326,"endHours":25.61871211346464,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:37","end":"02:58","startHours":25.61871211346464,"endHours":26.96635555338196,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:58","end":"04:19","startHours":26.96635555338196,"endHours":28.313998993299275,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:19","end":"05:40","startHours":28.313998993299275,"endHours":29.661642433216592,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.661642433216592,"endHours":6.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.661642433216592,"endHours":7.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.661642433216592,"endHours":8.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.661642433216592,"endHours":9.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.661642433216592,"endHours":10.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.661642433216592,"endHours":11.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.661642433216592,"endHours":12.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.661642433216592,"endHours":13.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.661642433216592,"endHours":14.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.661642433216592,"endHours":15.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.661642433216592,"endHours":16.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.661642433216592,"endHours":17.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.661642433216592,"endHours":18.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.661642433216592,"endHours":19.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.661642433216592,"endHours":20.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.661642433216592,"endHours":21.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.661642433216592,"endHours":22.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.661642433216592,"endHours":23.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.661642433216592,"endHours":24.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.661642433216592,"endHours":25.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.661642433216592,"endHours":26.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.661642433216592,"endHours":27.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.661642433216592,"endHours":28.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.661642433216592,"endHours":29.661642433216592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":15.250760724586174,"eotMinutes":3.041079587160539,"ayanamsa":24.1789}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 2, 2023 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 2, 2023 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:40, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-05-02","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-05-02","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-05-02","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-05-02","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2023-05-02"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-23T14:13:52.380Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-23T14:13:52.380Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-23T14:13:52.380Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}