{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2021-04-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2021-04-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-04-20","date_display":"April 20, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459324.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870859.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.1032,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.9207,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.8175,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8175},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":96.9207,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5874},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":103.0239},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459324.770833,"ahargana":1870859.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1505,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.0417659999999955,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":93.14576599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.127},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":63.500966000000005,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":6.706465999999978,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":302.506266,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":12.095465999999988,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":288.487566,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":52.8726,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":232.8726,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459324.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870859.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.1032,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.9207,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.8175,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8175},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":96.9207,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5874},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":103.0239},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.127,"elongation":90.818},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.127,"opposition_distance":89.182}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:50","sunsetLocal":"18:47","solarNoonLocal":"12:18","dayLengthHours":12.941761959749932,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 56 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 03 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:19","moonsetLocal":"00:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:32","end":"17:10","startHours":15.541064432176803,"endHours":17.158784677145544,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:04","end":"10:41","startHours":9.070183452301837,"endHours":10.687903697270578,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:18","end":"13:55","startHours":12.305623942239318,"endHours":13.923344187208059,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:17","startHours":8.854487419639337,"endHours":9.285879484964335,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:22","end":"06:43","startHours":6.3739830440206005,"endHours":6.719096696280599,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:44","startHours":11.87423187691432,"endHours":12.737016007564316,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:07","end":"04:58","startHours":4.109174701064362,"endHours":4.971958831714358,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:45","end":"05:50","startHours":4.756262799051859,"endHours":5.834742962364353,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:20","startHours":14.462584268864308,"endHours":15.325368399514304,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:35","end":"18:59","startHours":18.576504922114285,"endHours":18.976504922114284,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:47","end":"19:19","startHours":18.776504922114285,"endHours":19.31574500377053,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:32","end":"20:17","startHours":18.526504922114285,"endHours":20.276504922114285,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:44","startHours":23.87423187691432,"endHours":24.737016007564318,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:50","end":"07:27","startHours":5.834742962364353,"endHours":7.4524632073330945,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:27","end":"09:04","startHours":7.4524632073330945,"endHours":9.070183452301837,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:04","end":"10:41","startHours":9.070183452301837,"endHours":10.687903697270578,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:41","end":"12:18","startHours":10.687903697270578,"endHours":12.305623942239318,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:18","end":"13:55","startHours":12.305623942239318,"endHours":13.923344187208059,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:55","end":"15:32","startHours":13.923344187208059,"endHours":15.541064432176803,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:32","end":"17:10","startHours":15.541064432176803,"endHours":17.158784677145544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:10","end":"18:47","startHours":17.158784677145544,"endHours":18.776504922114285,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:47","end":"20:10","startHours":18.776504922114285,"endHours":20.158784677145544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:10","end":"21:32","startHours":20.158784677145544,"endHours":21.541064432176803,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:32","end":"22:55","startHours":21.541064432176803,"endHours":22.92334418720806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:55","end":"00:18","startHours":22.92334418720806,"endHours":24.30562394223932,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:18","end":"01:41","startHours":24.30562394223932,"endHours":25.687903697270578,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:41","end":"03:04","startHours":25.687903697270578,"endHours":27.070183452301833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:04","end":"04:27","startHours":27.070183452301833,"endHours":28.452463207333093,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:27","end":"05:50","startHours":28.452463207333093,"endHours":29.834742962364352,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:50","end":"06:50","startHours":5.834742962364353,"endHours":6.834742962364353,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:50","end":"07:50","startHours":6.834742962364353,"endHours":7.834742962364353,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:50","end":"08:50","startHours":7.834742962364353,"endHours":8.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:50","end":"09:50","startHours":8.834742962364352,"endHours":9.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:50","end":"10:50","startHours":9.834742962364352,"endHours":10.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:50","end":"11:50","startHours":10.834742962364352,"endHours":11.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:50","end":"12:50","startHours":11.834742962364352,"endHours":12.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:50","end":"13:50","startHours":12.834742962364352,"endHours":13.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:50","end":"14:50","startHours":13.834742962364352,"endHours":14.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:50","end":"15:50","startHours":14.834742962364352,"endHours":15.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:50","end":"16:50","startHours":15.834742962364352,"endHours":16.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:50","end":"17:50","startHours":16.834742962364352,"endHours":17.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:50","end":"18:50","startHours":17.834742962364352,"endHours":18.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:50","end":"19:50","startHours":18.834742962364352,"endHours":19.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:50","end":"20:50","startHours":19.834742962364352,"endHours":20.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:50","end":"21:50","startHours":20.834742962364352,"endHours":21.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:50","end":"22:50","startHours":21.834742962364352,"endHours":22.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:50","end":"23:50","startHours":22.834742962364352,"endHours":23.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:50","end":"00:50","startHours":23.834742962364352,"endHours":24.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:50","end":"01:50","startHours":24.834742962364352,"endHours":25.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:50","end":"02:50","startHours":25.834742962364352,"endHours":26.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:50","end":"03:50","startHours":26.834742962364352,"endHours":27.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:50","end":"04:50","startHours":27.834742962364352,"endHours":28.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:50","end":"05:50","startHours":28.834742962364352,"endHours":29.834742962364352,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":11.538184653260407,"eotMinutes":0.9677634656409275,"ayanamsa":24.1505}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 20, 2021 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 20, 2021 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:50, sūryāsta 18:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2021-04-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2021-04-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2021-04-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2021-04-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2021-04-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-24T11:00:30.872Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-24T11:00:30.872Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-24T11:00:30.872Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}