{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2009-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.7341,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5131,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.779},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.5131,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5131},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.2471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.981,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.602039,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.514539000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3975},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":294.8817389999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":294.17323899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.15433899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":350.791039,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":144.811239,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":287.7543,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":107.7543,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.7341,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5131,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.779},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.5131,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5131},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.2471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.397,"elongation":48.779},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.397,"opposition_distance":131.221}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"18:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":11.59580923546855,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 35 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 24 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:18","moonsetLocal":"22:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:20","startHours":16.887567465919286,"endHours":18.337043620352855,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:32","end":"13:59","startHours":12.53913900261858,"endHours":13.988615157052148,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.438091311485717,"endHours":16.887567465919286,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:50","startHours":9.446923206493633,"endHours":9.833450181009251,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:13","end":"07:32","startHours":7.224393103028826,"endHours":7.533614682641321,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:56","startHours":12.152612028102961,"endHours":12.925665977134198,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:12","end":"05:58","startHours":5.19512648682183,"endHours":5.968180435853067,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:46","end":"06:44","startHours":5.774916948595258,"endHours":6.7412343848843035,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:15","startHours":14.471773875196671,"endHours":15.244827824227908,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:08","end":"18:32","startHours":18.137043620352856,"endHours":18.537043620352854,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:20","end":"18:49","startHours":18.337043620352855,"endHours":18.820202338497378,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:05","end":"19:50","startHours":18.087043620352855,"endHours":19.837043620352855,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:56","startHours":24.15261202810296,"endHours":24.925665977134198,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:44","end":"08:11","startHours":6.7412343848843035,"endHours":8.190710539317873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:11","end":"09:38","startHours":8.190710539317873,"endHours":9.640186693751442,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:38","end":"11:05","startHours":9.640186693751442,"endHours":11.08966284818501,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:05","end":"12:32","startHours":11.08966284818501,"endHours":12.53913900261858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:32","end":"13:59","startHours":12.53913900261858,"endHours":13.988615157052148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:59","end":"15:26","startHours":13.988615157052148,"endHours":15.438091311485717,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.438091311485717,"endHours":16.887567465919286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:53","end":"18:20","startHours":16.887567465919286,"endHours":18.337043620352855,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:20","end":"19:53","startHours":18.337043620352855,"endHours":19.887567465919286,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:53","end":"21:26","startHours":19.887567465919286,"endHours":21.438091311485717,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:26","end":"22:59","startHours":21.438091311485717,"endHours":22.98861515705215,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:59","end":"00:32","startHours":22.98861515705215,"endHours":24.53913900261858,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:32","end":"02:05","startHours":24.53913900261858,"endHours":26.08966284818501,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:05","end":"03:38","startHours":26.08966284818501,"endHours":27.640186693751442,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:38","end":"05:11","startHours":27.640186693751442,"endHours":29.190710539317873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:11","end":"06:44","startHours":29.190710539317873,"endHours":30.741234384884304,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.7412343848843035,"endHours":7.7412343848843035,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.7412343848843035,"endHours":8.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.741234384884304,"endHours":9.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.741234384884304,"endHours":10.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.741234384884304,"endHours":11.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.741234384884304,"endHours":12.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.741234384884304,"endHours":13.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.741234384884304,"endHours":14.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.741234384884304,"endHours":15.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.741234384884304,"endHours":16.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.741234384884304,"endHours":17.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.741234384884304,"endHours":18.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.741234384884304,"endHours":19.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.741234384884304,"endHours":20.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.741234384884304,"endHours":21.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.741234384884304,"endHours":22.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.741234384884304,"endHours":23.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.741234384884304,"endHours":24.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.741234384884304,"endHours":25.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.741234384884304,"endHours":26.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.741234384884304,"endHours":27.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.741234384884304,"endHours":28.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.741234384884304,"endHours":29.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.741234384884304,"endHours":30.741234384884304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.598030198732779,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.981}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2009 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2009 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 18:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:38:21.999Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:38:21.999Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:38:21.999Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}