{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2009-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454859.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866394.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2324,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.6549,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":20.4225,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.4225},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":304.6549,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.3215},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.8872},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454859.770833,"ahargana":1866394.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9798,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2635620000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":303.30396199999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.1791},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":270.027562,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":268.79956200000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":281.76136199999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":330.59256200000004,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":146.91876200000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":289.4498,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":109.4498,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454859.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866394.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2324,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.6549,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":20.4225,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.4225},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":304.6549,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.3215},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.8872},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.179,"elongation":20.423},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.179,"opposition_distance":159.577}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:08","sunsetLocal":"17:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":10.8198294929963,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:12","moonsetLocal":"19:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:32","end":"13:53","startHours":12.5379972005811,"endHours":13.890475887205636,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:29","end":"09:50","startHours":8.480561140707486,"endHours":9.833039827332023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:11","end":"12:32","startHours":11.185518513956561,"endHours":12.5379972005811,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:01","startHours":9.652709335782085,"endHours":10.013370318881961,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:35","end":"07:52","startHours":7.578908682957794,"endHours":7.867437469437695,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:11","end":"12:54","startHours":12.177336217481221,"endHours":12.898658183680974,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:41","end":"06:24","startHours":5.685438521683442,"endHours":6.4067604878831945,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:14","end":"07:08","startHours":6.226429996333256,"endHours":7.128082454082948,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:04","startHours":14.341302116080481,"endHours":15.062624082280234,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:45","end":"18:09","startHours":17.74791194707925,"endHours":18.147911947079248,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:57","end":"18:24","startHours":17.94791194707925,"endHours":18.398738175954094,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:42","end":"19:27","startHours":17.69791194707925,"endHours":19.44791194707925,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:11","end":"00:54","startHours":24.17733621748122,"endHours":24.898658183680972,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:08","end":"08:29","startHours":7.128082454082948,"endHours":8.480561140707486,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:29","end":"09:50","startHours":8.480561140707486,"endHours":9.833039827332023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:11","startHours":9.833039827332023,"endHours":11.185518513956561,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:11","end":"12:32","startHours":11.185518513956561,"endHours":12.5379972005811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:32","end":"13:53","startHours":12.5379972005811,"endHours":13.890475887205636,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:53","end":"15:15","startHours":13.890475887205636,"endHours":15.242954573830174,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:15","end":"16:36","startHours":15.242954573830174,"endHours":16.595433260454712,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:36","end":"17:57","startHours":16.595433260454712,"endHours":17.94791194707925,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:57","end":"19:36","startHours":17.94791194707925,"endHours":19.595433260454712,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:36","end":"21:15","startHours":19.595433260454712,"endHours":21.242954573830172,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:15","end":"22:53","startHours":21.242954573830172,"endHours":22.890475887205636,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:53","end":"00:32","startHours":22.890475887205636,"endHours":24.5379972005811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:32","end":"02:11","startHours":24.5379972005811,"endHours":26.18551851395656,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:11","end":"03:50","startHours":26.18551851395656,"endHours":27.833039827332023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:50","end":"05:29","startHours":27.833039827332023,"endHours":29.480561140707486,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:29","end":"07:08","startHours":29.480561140707486,"endHours":31.12808245408295,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.128082454082948,"endHours":8.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.128082454082948,"endHours":9.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.128082454082948,"endHours":10.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.128082454082948,"endHours":11.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.128082454082948,"endHours":12.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.128082454082948,"endHours":13.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.128082454082948,"endHours":14.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.128082454082948,"endHours":15.128082454082948,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.128082454082948,"endHours":16.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.12808245408295,"endHours":17.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.12808245408295,"endHours":18.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.12808245408295,"endHours":19.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.12808245408295,"endHours":20.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.12808245408295,"endHours":21.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.12808245408295,"endHours":22.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.12808245408295,"endHours":23.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.12808245408295,"endHours":24.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.12808245408295,"endHours":25.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.12808245408295,"endHours":26.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.12808245408295,"endHours":27.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.12808245408295,"endHours":28.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.12808245408295,"endHours":29.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.12808245408295,"endHours":30.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":30.12808245408295,"endHours":31.12808245408295,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.20239097978671,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":23.9798}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2009 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2009 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:08, sūryāsta 17:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2009-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:53.258Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:53.258Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:53.258Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}