{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2002-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2002-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452624.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864159.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.6179,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":15.91,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.2921,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2921},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":15.91,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5766},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":255.5279},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452624.770833,"ahargana":1864159.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8943,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.00385500000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":17.662154999999984,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.3803},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":195.38145499999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.97345500000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":113.89135499999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":196.27325500000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":61.73395500000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":47.8709,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":227.8709,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452624.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864159.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.6179,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":15.91,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.2921,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2921},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":15.91,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5766},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":255.5279},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.38,"elongation":136.292},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.38,"opposition_distance":43.708}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.273,"elongation":2.306},{"offset_days":4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.434,"opposition_distance":2.531}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:03","sunsetLocal":"17:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":10.413125017386966,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 24 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 35 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:51","moonsetLocal":"04:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"09:39","startHours":8.354882838027011,"endHours":9.656523465200383,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:57","end":"12:16","startHours":10.958164092373753,"endHours":12.259804719547123,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:34","end":"14:52","startHours":13.561445346720495,"endHours":14.863085973893865,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:50","startHours":9.482971381577267,"endHours":9.830075548823498,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:29","end":"07:46","startHours":7.487122419911431,"endHours":7.764805753708417,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:55","end":"12:36","startHours":11.912700552300892,"endHours":12.606908886793358,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:40","end":"06:22","startHours":5.664825541868712,"endHours":6.359033876361177,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:11","end":"07:03","startHours":6.185481792738061,"endHours":7.053242210853641,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:00","end":"14:41","startHours":13.995325555778285,"endHours":14.689533890270749,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:16","end":"17:40","startHours":17.266367228240608,"endHours":17.666367228240606,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:28","end":"17:54","startHours":17.466367228240607,"endHours":17.900247437298397,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:58","startHours":17.216367228240607,"endHours":18.966367228240607,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:55","end":"00:36","startHours":23.912700552300894,"endHours":24.60690888679336,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:03","end":"08:21","startHours":7.053242210853641,"endHours":8.354882838027011,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"09:39","startHours":8.354882838027011,"endHours":9.656523465200383,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:39","end":"10:57","startHours":9.656523465200383,"endHours":10.958164092373753,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:57","end":"12:16","startHours":10.958164092373753,"endHours":12.259804719547123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:16","end":"13:34","startHours":12.259804719547123,"endHours":13.561445346720495,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:34","end":"14:52","startHours":13.561445346720495,"endHours":14.863085973893865,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:52","end":"16:10","startHours":14.863085973893865,"endHours":16.164726601067237,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:10","end":"17:28","startHours":16.164726601067237,"endHours":17.466367228240607,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:28","end":"19:10","startHours":17.466367228240607,"endHours":19.164726601067237,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:10","end":"20:52","startHours":19.164726601067237,"endHours":20.863085973893867,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:52","end":"22:34","startHours":20.863085973893867,"endHours":22.561445346720497,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:34","end":"00:16","startHours":22.561445346720497,"endHours":24.259804719547123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:16","end":"01:57","startHours":24.259804719547123,"endHours":25.958164092373753,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:57","end":"03:39","startHours":25.958164092373753,"endHours":27.656523465200383,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:39","end":"05:21","startHours":27.656523465200383,"endHours":29.35488283802701,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:21","end":"07:03","startHours":29.35488283802701,"endHours":31.05324221085364,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.053242210853641,"endHours":8.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.053242210853641,"endHours":9.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.053242210853641,"endHours":10.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.053242210853641,"endHours":11.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.053242210853641,"endHours":12.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.053242210853641,"endHours":13.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.053242210853641,"endHours":14.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.053242210853641,"endHours":15.053242210853641,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.053242210853641,"endHours":16.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.05324221085364,"endHours":17.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.05324221085364,"endHours":18.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.05324221085364,"endHours":19.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.05324221085364,"endHours":20.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.05324221085364,"endHours":21.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.05324221085364,"endHours":22.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.05324221085364,"endHours":23.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.05324221085364,"endHours":24.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.05324221085364,"endHours":25.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.05324221085364,"endHours":26.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.05324221085364,"endHours":27.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.05324221085364,"endHours":28.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.05324221085364,"endHours":29.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.05324221085364,"endHours":30.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":30.05324221085364,"endHours":31.05324221085364,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.295858682433455,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":23.8943}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 2002 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 2002 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:03, sūryāsta 17:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2002-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2002-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2002-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2002-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2002-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:24:07.271Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:24:07.271Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:24:07.271Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}