{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2001-11-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-11-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-11-20","date_display":"November 20, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452233.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863768.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.3184,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0932,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":58.7748,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7748},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":272.0932,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4266},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":125.4117},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452233.770833,"ahargana":1863768.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8793,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.90349400000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.592394,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.7932},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":292.4770940000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":205.33169399999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":81.21029399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":200.51719400000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":48.59729400000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":68.5879,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":248.5879,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452233.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863768.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.3184,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0932,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":58.7748,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7748},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":272.0932,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4266},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":125.4117},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.793,"elongation":58.775},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.793,"opposition_distance":121.225}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"17:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:06","dayLengthHours":10.706184520113425,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 42 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 17 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:40","moonsetLocal":"21:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:46","end":"16:06","startHours":14.769952608365209,"endHours":16.108225673379387,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:25","end":"10:45","startHours":9.416860348308496,"endHours":10.755133413322675,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:06","end":"13:26","startHours":12.093406478336853,"endHours":13.43167954335103,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:36","startHours":9.23842393963994,"endHours":9.595296756977053,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:11","end":"07:28","startHours":7.186405239951533,"endHours":7.471903493821224,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:27","startHours":11.736533660999738,"endHours":12.450279295673967,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:19","end":"06:02","startHours":5.312822948931684,"endHours":6.026568583605912,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:51","end":"06:44","startHours":5.848132174937355,"endHours":6.74031421828014,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:53","end":"14:35","startHours":13.877770565022423,"endHours":14.591516199696652,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:15","end":"17:39","startHours":17.246498738393566,"endHours":17.646498738393564,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:27","end":"17:54","startHours":17.446498738393565,"endHours":17.892589760064958,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:12","end":"18:57","startHours":17.196498738393565,"endHours":18.946498738393565,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:27","startHours":23.73653366099974,"endHours":24.450279295673965,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:44","end":"08:05","startHours":6.74031421828014,"endHours":8.078587283294318,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:05","end":"09:25","startHours":8.078587283294318,"endHours":9.416860348308496,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:25","end":"10:45","startHours":9.416860348308496,"endHours":10.755133413322675,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:45","end":"12:06","startHours":10.755133413322675,"endHours":12.093406478336853,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:06","end":"13:26","startHours":12.093406478336853,"endHours":13.43167954335103,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:26","end":"14:46","startHours":13.43167954335103,"endHours":14.769952608365209,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:46","end":"16:06","startHours":14.769952608365209,"endHours":16.108225673379387,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:06","end":"17:27","startHours":16.108225673379387,"endHours":17.446498738393565,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:06","startHours":17.446498738393565,"endHours":19.108225673379387,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:06","end":"20:46","startHours":19.108225673379387,"endHours":20.76995260836521,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:46","end":"22:26","startHours":20.76995260836521,"endHours":22.43167954335103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:26","end":"00:06","startHours":22.43167954335103,"endHours":24.093406478336853,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:06","end":"01:45","startHours":24.093406478336853,"endHours":25.755133413322675,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:45","end":"03:25","startHours":25.755133413322675,"endHours":27.416860348308496,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:25","end":"05:05","startHours":27.416860348308496,"endHours":29.07858728329432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:05","end":"06:44","startHours":29.07858728329432,"endHours":30.74031421828014,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.74031421828014,"endHours":7.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.74031421828014,"endHours":8.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.74031421828014,"endHours":9.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.74031421828014,"endHours":10.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.74031421828014,"endHours":11.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.74031421828014,"endHours":12.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.74031421828014,"endHours":13.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.74031421828014,"endHours":14.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.74031421828014,"endHours":15.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.74031421828014,"endHours":16.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.74031421828014,"endHours":17.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.74031421828014,"endHours":18.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.74031421828014,"endHours":19.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.74031421828014,"endHours":20.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.74031421828014,"endHours":21.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.74031421828014,"endHours":22.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.74031421828014,"endHours":23.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.74031421828014,"endHours":24.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.74031421828014,"endHours":25.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.74031421828014,"endHours":26.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.74031421828014,"endHours":27.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.74031421828014,"endHours":28.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.74031421828014,"endHours":29.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.74031421828014,"endHours":30.74031421828014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.663463377589487,"eotMinutes":13.700811299788931,"ayanamsa":23.8793}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrischika-sankranti","name":"Vṛścika Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृश्चिक सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Scorpio.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛścika"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 20, 2001 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 20, 2001 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 17:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-11-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-11-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-11-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-11-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-11-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T10:36:30.221Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T10:36:30.221Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T10:36:30.221Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}