{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:2001-01-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-01-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-25","date_display":"January 25, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451934.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863469.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.2328,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":288.0094,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.7766,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7766},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":288.0094,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0094},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":209.2422},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451934.770833,"ahargana":1863469.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8679,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.267018,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":286.515318,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.7985},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":204.81521799999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":299.094018,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.28681799999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":328.12361799999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.101518,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.4304,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.4304,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451934.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863469.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.2328,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":288.0094,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.7766,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7766},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":288.0094,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0094},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":209.2422},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.799,"elongation":6.777},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.799,"opposition_distance":173.223}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"17:54","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":10.759488776967288,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 45 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 14 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:28","moonsetLocal":"18:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:52","end":"15:13","startHours":13.871834905820101,"endHours":15.216771002941012,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:09","end":"08:30","startHours":7.147154420215547,"endHours":8.492090517336457,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:11","startHours":9.837026614457368,"endHours":11.18196271157828,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:01","startHours":9.657701801507915,"endHours":10.016351427406825,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:36","end":"07:53","startHours":7.595466452589184,"endHours":7.882386153308311,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:10","end":"12:53","startHours":12.168249182800281,"endHours":12.8855484345981,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:43","end":"06:26","startHours":5.712555916619909,"endHours":6.429855168417728,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:09","startHours":6.250530355468273,"endHours":7.147154420215547,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:02","startHours":14.320146938193739,"endHours":15.037446189991558,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:42","end":"18:06","startHours":17.706643197182835,"endHours":18.106643197182834,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:54","end":"18:21","startHours":17.906643197182834,"endHours":18.35495522955647,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:39","end":"19:24","startHours":17.656643197182834,"endHours":19.406643197182834,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:10","end":"00:53","startHours":24.16824918280028,"endHours":24.8855484345981,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:09","end":"08:30","startHours":7.147154420215547,"endHours":8.492090517336457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:50","startHours":8.492090517336457,"endHours":9.837026614457368,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:50","end":"11:11","startHours":9.837026614457368,"endHours":11.18196271157828,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:11","end":"12:32","startHours":11.18196271157828,"endHours":12.52689880869919,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:32","end":"13:52","startHours":12.52689880869919,"endHours":13.871834905820101,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:52","end":"15:13","startHours":13.871834905820101,"endHours":15.216771002941012,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:13","end":"16:34","startHours":15.216771002941012,"endHours":16.561707100061923,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:34","end":"17:54","startHours":16.561707100061923,"endHours":17.906643197182834,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:54","end":"19:34","startHours":17.906643197182834,"endHours":19.561707100061923,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:34","end":"21:13","startHours":19.561707100061923,"endHours":21.216771002941012,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:13","end":"22:52","startHours":21.216771002941012,"endHours":22.8718349058201,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:52","end":"00:32","startHours":22.8718349058201,"endHours":24.52689880869919,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:32","end":"02:11","startHours":24.52689880869919,"endHours":26.18196271157828,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:11","end":"03:50","startHours":26.18196271157828,"endHours":27.83702661445737,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:50","end":"05:30","startHours":27.83702661445737,"endHours":29.492090517336457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:09","startHours":29.492090517336457,"endHours":31.147154420215546,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.147154420215547,"endHours":8.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.147154420215546,"endHours":9.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.147154420215546,"endHours":10.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.147154420215546,"endHours":11.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.147154420215546,"endHours":12.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.147154420215546,"endHours":13.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.147154420215546,"endHours":14.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.147154420215546,"endHours":15.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.147154420215546,"endHours":16.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.147154420215546,"endHours":17.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.147154420215546,"endHours":18.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.147154420215546,"endHours":19.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.147154420215546,"endHours":20.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.147154420215546,"endHours":21.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.147154420215546,"endHours":22.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.147154420215546,"endHours":23.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.147154420215546,"endHours":24.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.147154420215546,"endHours":25.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.147154420215546,"endHours":26.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.147154420215546,"endHours":27.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.147154420215546,"endHours":28.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.147154420215546,"endHours":29.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.147154420215546,"endHours":30.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.147154420215546,"endHours":31.147154420215546,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.981646684866963,"eotMinutes":-12.308728521951446,"ayanamsa":23.8679}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"magha-gupta-navratri-start","name":"Māgha Gupta Navrātri Start","name_sanskrit":"माघ गुप्त नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī (10 Mahāvidyās)","significance":"Hidden (gupta) Navrātri for advanced sādhanā of 10 Mahāvidyās.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 25, 2001 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 25, 2001 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 17:54.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-01-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-01-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-01-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-01-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/2001-01-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:24:12.143Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:24:12.143Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:24:12.143Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}