{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:1997-10-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-10-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-10-01","date_display":"October 1, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450722.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862257.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.3445,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":156.4464,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":353.102,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.102},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":156.4464,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.7798},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":319.7909},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450722.770833,"ahargana":1862257.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8216,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":164.08472600000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":156.92762599999992,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.61},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":217.68022599999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":154.07122600000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":288.35832600000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":208.031426,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":353.745026,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":148.648,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":328.648,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450722.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862257.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.3445,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":156.4464,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":353.102,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.102},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":156.4464,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.7798},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":319.7909},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.61,"elongation":6.898},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.61,"opposition_distance":173.102}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:11","sunsetLocal":"18:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:08","dayLengthHours":11.907559754390565,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 54 Mins 27 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 05 Mins 33 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:38","moonsetLocal":"17:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:08","end":"13:37","startHours":12.135623930223595,"endHours":13.624068899522413,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:40","end":"09:10","startHours":7.6702890223271325,"endHours":9.158733991625953,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:39","end":"12:08","startHours":10.647178960924773,"endHours":12.135623930223595,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:58","end":"09:21","startHours":8.96027466238611,"endHours":9.357193320865795,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:41","end":"07:00","startHours":6.677992376127918,"endHours":6.9955273029116665,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:32","startHours":11.738705271743907,"endHours":12.53254258870328,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:36","end":"05:23","startHours":4.594169419109569,"endHours":5.388006736068941,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":5.189547406829098,"endHours":6.181844053028311,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:55","startHours":14.12021722262202,"endHours":14.914054539581391,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:53","end":"18:17","startHours":17.889403807418876,"endHours":18.289403807418875,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:05","end":"18:35","startHours":18.089403807418876,"endHours":18.585552130518483,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:50","end":"19:35","startHours":17.839403807418876,"endHours":19.589403807418876,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:32","startHours":23.73870527174391,"endHours":24.53254258870328,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:11","end":"07:40","startHours":6.181844053028311,"endHours":7.6702890223271325,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:40","end":"09:10","startHours":7.6702890223271325,"endHours":9.158733991625953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:10","end":"10:39","startHours":9.158733991625953,"endHours":10.647178960924773,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:39","end":"12:08","startHours":10.647178960924773,"endHours":12.135623930223595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:08","end":"13:37","startHours":12.135623930223595,"endHours":13.624068899522413,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:37","end":"15:07","startHours":13.624068899522413,"endHours":15.112513868821235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:07","end":"16:36","startHours":15.112513868821235,"endHours":16.600958838120057,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:36","end":"18:05","startHours":16.600958838120057,"endHours":18.089403807418876,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:05","end":"19:36","startHours":18.089403807418876,"endHours":19.600958838120054,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:36","end":"21:07","startHours":19.600958838120054,"endHours":21.112513868821235,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:07","end":"22:37","startHours":21.112513868821235,"endHours":22.624068899522413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:37","end":"00:08","startHours":22.624068899522413,"endHours":24.135623930223595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:08","end":"01:39","startHours":24.135623930223595,"endHours":25.647178960924773,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:39","end":"03:10","startHours":25.647178960924773,"endHours":27.15873399162595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:10","end":"04:40","startHours":27.15873399162595,"endHours":28.670289022327132,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:40","end":"06:11","startHours":28.670289022327132,"endHours":30.18184405302831,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":6.181844053028311,"endHours":7.181844053028311,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.181844053028311,"endHours":8.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.18184405302831,"endHours":9.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.18184405302831,"endHours":10.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.18184405302831,"endHours":11.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.18184405302831,"endHours":12.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.18184405302831,"endHours":13.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.18184405302831,"endHours":14.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.18184405302831,"endHours":15.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.18184405302831,"endHours":16.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.18184405302831,"endHours":17.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.18184405302831,"endHours":18.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.18184405302831,"endHours":19.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.18184405302831,"endHours":20.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.18184405302831,"endHours":21.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.18184405302831,"endHours":22.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.18184405302831,"endHours":23.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.18184405302831,"endHours":24.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.18184405302831,"endHours":25.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.18184405302831,"endHours":26.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.18184405302831,"endHours":27.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.18184405302831,"endHours":28.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.18184405302831,"endHours":29.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.18184405302831,"endHours":30.18184405302831,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-3.1361981140939235,"eotMinutes":11.167764186584405,"ayanamsa":23.8216}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 1, 1997 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 1, 1997 CE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:11, sūryāsta 18:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-10-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-10-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-10-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-10-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-10-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:22:05.938Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:22:05.938Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:22:05.938Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}