{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:1997-01-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-01-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-01-19","date_display":"January 19, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450467.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862002.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.118,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.7177,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":126.5997,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5997},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":41.7177,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7177},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":316.8356},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450467.770833,"ahargana":1862002.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8118,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.18896799999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.550568,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.8786},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":160.22596799999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":251.39876800000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":275.634768,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":257.285668,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":338.672468,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":162.1591,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":342.1591,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450467.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862002.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.118,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.7177,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":126.5997,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5997},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":41.7177,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7177},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":316.8356},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.879,"elongation":126.6},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.879,"opposition_distance":53.4}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:10","sunsetLocal":"17:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":10.651481617304242,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 39 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 20 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:13","moonsetLocal":"03:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:30","end":"17:50","startHours":16.49375983871943,"endHours":17.82519504088246,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:30","end":"13:50","startHours":12.499454232230338,"endHours":13.83088943439337,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.162324636556399,"endHours":16.49375983871943,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.659059134282542,"endHours":10.014108521526015,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:54","startHours":7.617525157632562,"endHours":7.901564667427341,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:51","startHours":12.144404844986864,"endHours":12.854503619473812,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:45","end":"06:28","startHours":5.753515874604319,"endHours":6.4636146490912685,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:10","startHours":6.2860899554695315,"endHours":7.173713423578218,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"14:59","startHours":14.274701168447713,"endHours":14.984799942934663,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:38","end":"18:02","startHours":17.62519504088246,"endHours":18.02519504088246,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:50","end":"18:16","startHours":17.82519504088246,"endHours":18.269006774936802,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:35","end":"19:20","startHours":17.57519504088246,"endHours":19.32519504088246,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:51","startHours":24.144404844986862,"endHours":24.854503619473814,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:10","end":"08:30","startHours":7.173713423578218,"endHours":8.50514862574125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:30","end":"09:50","startHours":8.50514862574125,"endHours":9.836583827904278,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.836583827904278,"endHours":11.16801903006731,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:10","end":"12:30","startHours":11.16801903006731,"endHours":12.499454232230338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"13:50","startHours":12.499454232230338,"endHours":13.83088943439337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:50","end":"15:10","startHours":13.83088943439337,"endHours":15.162324636556399,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.162324636556399,"endHours":16.49375983871943,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:30","end":"17:50","startHours":16.49375983871943,"endHours":17.82519504088246,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:50","end":"19:30","startHours":17.82519504088246,"endHours":19.493759838719427,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:30","end":"21:10","startHours":19.493759838719427,"endHours":21.1623246365564,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:10","end":"22:50","startHours":21.1623246365564,"endHours":22.83088943439337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:50","end":"00:30","startHours":22.83088943439337,"endHours":24.499454232230338,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:30","end":"02:10","startHours":24.499454232230338,"endHours":26.168019030067306,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.168019030067306,"endHours":27.836583827904278,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:50","end":"05:30","startHours":27.836583827904278,"endHours":29.50514862574125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:30","end":"07:10","startHours":29.50514862574125,"endHours":31.173713423578217,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.173713423578218,"endHours":8.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.173713423578217,"endHours":9.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.173713423578217,"endHours":10.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.173713423578217,"endHours":11.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.173713423578217,"endHours":12.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.173713423578217,"endHours":13.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.173713423578217,"endHours":14.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.173713423578217,"endHours":15.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.173713423578217,"endHours":16.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.173713423578217,"endHours":17.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.173713423578217,"endHours":18.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.173713423578217,"endHours":19.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.173713423578217,"endHours":20.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.173713423578217,"endHours":21.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.173713423578217,"endHours":22.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.173713423578217,"endHours":23.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.173713423578217,"endHours":24.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.173713423578217,"endHours":25.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.173713423578217,"endHours":26.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.173713423578217,"endHours":27.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.173713423578217,"endHours":28.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.173713423578217,"endHours":29.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.173713423578217,"endHours":30.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":30.173713423578217,"endHours":31.173713423578217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.35660503208325,"eotMinutes":-10.662053933820344,"ayanamsa":23.8118}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jaya-ekadashi","name":"Jayā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"जया एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes pretatva (ghost-state); grants victory.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 19, 1997 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 19, 1997 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:10, sūryāsta 17:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-01-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-01-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-01-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-01-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1997-01-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:39:53.271Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:39:53.271Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T13:39:53.271Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}