{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:1971-01-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1971-01-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-01-13","date_display":"January 13, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440964.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852499.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.6787,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":107.7353,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.0566,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0566},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":107.7353,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0686},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":16.414},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440964.770833,"ahargana":1852499.2708,"kali_year":5072,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4483,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.740053,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":105.48315300000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.3847},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.61265300000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":246.15865299999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":217.10425299999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":222.435653,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":22.69185299999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":305.6738,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":125.6738,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440964.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852499.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.6787,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":107.7353,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.0566,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0566},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":107.7353,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0686},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":16.414},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.385,"elongation":160.943},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.385,"opposition_distance":19.057}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:11","sunsetLocal":"17:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":10.551199692407538,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:53","moonsetLocal":"08:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:28","end":"13:47","startHours":12.465685524856227,"endHours":13.784585486407167,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:31","end":"09:50","startHours":8.508985640203399,"endHours":9.82788560175434,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:09","end":"12:28","startHours":11.146785563305283,"endHours":12.465685524856227,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:00","startHours":9.65203227354755,"endHours":10.003738929961134,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:38","end":"07:55","startHours":7.629718999169437,"endHours":7.9110843243003055,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:49","startHours":12.113978868442642,"endHours":12.817392181269812,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:47","end":"06:29","startHours":5.783259052998118,"endHours":6.486672365825288,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:11","startHours":6.310819037618495,"endHours":7.190085678652457,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:13","end":"14:56","startHours":14.22421880692415,"endHours":14.927632119751319,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:32","end":"17:56","startHours":17.541285371059995,"endHours":17.941285371059994,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:44","end":"18:11","startHours":17.741285371059995,"endHours":18.180918691576977,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:29","end":"19:14","startHours":17.491285371059995,"endHours":19.241285371059995,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:49","startHours":24.113978868442643,"endHours":24.81739218126981,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.190085678652457,"endHours":8.508985640203399,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:31","end":"09:50","startHours":8.508985640203399,"endHours":9.82788560175434,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:09","startHours":9.82788560175434,"endHours":11.146785563305283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:09","end":"12:28","startHours":11.146785563305283,"endHours":12.465685524856227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:28","end":"13:47","startHours":12.465685524856227,"endHours":13.784585486407167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:47","end":"15:06","startHours":13.784585486407167,"endHours":15.10348544795811,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:06","end":"16:25","startHours":15.10348544795811,"endHours":16.422385409509054,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:25","end":"17:44","startHours":16.422385409509054,"endHours":17.741285371059995,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:44","end":"19:25","startHours":17.741285371059995,"endHours":19.42238540950905,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:25","end":"21:06","startHours":19.42238540950905,"endHours":21.10348544795811,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:06","end":"22:47","startHours":21.10348544795811,"endHours":22.784585486407167,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:47","end":"00:28","startHours":22.784585486407167,"endHours":24.465685524856227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:28","end":"02:09","startHours":24.465685524856227,"endHours":26.146785563305283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:09","end":"03:50","startHours":26.146785563305283,"endHours":27.82788560175434,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:50","end":"05:31","startHours":27.82788560175434,"endHours":29.5089856402034,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:31","end":"07:11","startHours":29.5089856402034,"endHours":31.19008567865246,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.190085678652457,"endHours":8.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.190085678652457,"endHours":9.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.190085678652457,"endHours":10.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.190085678652457,"endHours":11.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.190085678652457,"endHours":12.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.190085678652457,"endHours":13.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.190085678652457,"endHours":14.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.190085678652457,"endHours":15.190085678652457,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.190085678652457,"endHours":16.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.19008567865246,"endHours":17.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.19008567865246,"endHours":18.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.19008567865246,"endHours":19.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.19008567865246,"endHours":20.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.19008567865246,"endHours":21.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.19008567865246,"endHours":22.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.19008567865246,"endHours":23.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.19008567865246,"endHours":24.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.19008567865246,"endHours":25.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.19008567865246,"endHours":26.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.19008567865246,"endHours":27.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.19008567865246,"endHours":28.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.19008567865246,"endHours":29.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.19008567865246,"endHours":30.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":30.19008567865246,"endHours":31.19008567865246,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.609538024423777,"eotMinutes":-8.635931491373626,"ayanamsa":23.4483}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 13, 1971 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 13, 1971 CE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:11, sūryāsta 17:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1971-01-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1971-01-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1971-01-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1971-01-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1971-01-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:45:20.045Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:45:20.045Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:45:20.045Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}