{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:1920-12-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1920-12-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1920-12-23","date_display":"December 23, 1920 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1920,"month":12,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2422681.770833,"kali_year":5022,"ahargana":1834216.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.0572,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":34.7591,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":146.7019,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7019},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":34.7591,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0924},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.8163},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1920,"month":12,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2422681.770833,"ahargana":1834216.2708,"kali_year":5022,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.7491,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.1778979999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":33.448098000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.5645},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":297.99609799999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":235.42639800000006,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":146.47949799999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":290.954698,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":152.270398,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.3951,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.3951,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1920,"month":12,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2422681.770833,"kali_year":5022,"ahargana":1834216.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.0572,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":34.7591,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":146.7019,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7019},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":34.7591,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0924},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.8163},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.565,"elongation":146.702},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.565,"opposition_distance":33.298}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:07","sunsetLocal":"17:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":10.401706894833376,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 24 Mins 06 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 35 Mins 54 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:15","moonsetLocal":"04:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"14:55","startHours":13.614575166992386,"endHours":14.91478852884656,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:07","end":"08:25","startHours":7.113508357721527,"endHours":8.4137217195757,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:43","end":"11:01","startHours":9.71393508142987,"endHours":11.014148443284043,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:53","startHours":9.540573299849314,"endHours":9.887296863010427,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:49","startHours":7.546912811672917,"endHours":7.824291662201807,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:40","startHours":11.9676382419771,"endHours":12.661085368299327,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:25","startHours":5.7266141050770765,"endHours":6.420061231399302,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:07","startHours":6.246699449818745,"endHours":7.113508357721527,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:44","startHours":14.047979620943778,"endHours":14.741426747266003,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:19","end":"17:43","startHours":17.315215252554903,"endHours":17.715215252554902,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:31","end":"17:57","startHours":17.515215252554903,"endHours":17.948619706506292,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:16","end":"19:01","startHours":17.265215252554903,"endHours":19.015215252554903,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:40","startHours":23.9676382419771,"endHours":24.661085368299325,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:07","end":"08:25","startHours":7.113508357721527,"endHours":8.4137217195757,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:25","end":"09:43","startHours":8.4137217195757,"endHours":9.71393508142987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:43","end":"11:01","startHours":9.71393508142987,"endHours":11.014148443284043,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:01","end":"12:19","startHours":11.014148443284043,"endHours":12.314361805138216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:19","end":"13:37","startHours":12.314361805138216,"endHours":13.614575166992386,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:37","end":"14:55","startHours":13.614575166992386,"endHours":14.91478852884656,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:55","end":"16:13","startHours":14.91478852884656,"endHours":16.21500189070073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:13","end":"17:31","startHours":16.21500189070073,"endHours":17.515215252554903,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:31","end":"19:13","startHours":17.515215252554903,"endHours":19.21500189070073,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:13","end":"20:55","startHours":19.21500189070073,"endHours":20.914788528846557,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:55","end":"22:37","startHours":20.914788528846557,"endHours":22.61457516699239,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:37","end":"00:19","startHours":22.61457516699239,"endHours":24.314361805138216,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:19","end":"02:01","startHours":24.314361805138216,"endHours":26.014148443284043,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:01","end":"03:43","startHours":26.014148443284043,"endHours":27.71393508142987,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:43","end":"05:25","startHours":27.71393508142987,"endHours":29.413721719575697,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:25","end":"07:07","startHours":29.413721719575697,"endHours":31.11350835772153,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.113508357721527,"endHours":8.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.113508357721527,"endHours":9.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.113508357721527,"endHours":10.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.113508357721527,"endHours":11.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.113508357721527,"endHours":12.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.113508357721527,"endHours":13.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.113508357721527,"endHours":14.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.113508357721527,"endHours":15.113508357721527,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.113508357721527,"endHours":16.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.11350835772153,"endHours":17.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.11350835772153,"endHours":18.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.11350835772153,"endHours":19.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.11350835772153,"endHours":20.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.11350835772153,"endHours":21.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.11350835772153,"endHours":22.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.11350835772153,"endHours":23.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.11350835772153,"endHours":24.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.11350835772153,"endHours":25.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.11350835772153,"endHours":26.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.11350835772153,"endHours":27.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.11350835772153,"endHours":28.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.11350835772153,"endHours":29.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.11350835772153,"endHours":30.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":30.11350835772153,"endHours":31.11350835772153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.43324931837646,"eotMinutes":0.4434916917071845,"ayanamsa":22.7491}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1977,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śrīmukha","saka_samvat":1842,"saka_samvatsara":"Raudra","bengali_samvat":1327,"malayalam_era":1096,"nanakshahi_year":451,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 1977 Śrīmukha · Śaka 1842 Raudra"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 23, 1920 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 23, 1920 CE for Mathurā: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 07:07, sūryāsta 17:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1920-12-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1920-12-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1920-12-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1920-12-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1920-12-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:01:29.433Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:01:29.433Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:01:29.433Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}