{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:1908-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1908-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417961.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829496.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.1994,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":126.7053,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":209.5059,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.5059},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":126.7053,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7053},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":43.9047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417961.770833,"ahargana":1829496.2708,"kali_year":5009,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5686,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.04693700000007,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":123.73343699999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.0223},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":345.631637,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":282.702637,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":108.297237,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":309.284537,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":332.045937,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.4834,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.4834,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417961.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829496.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.1994,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":126.7053,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":209.5059,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.5059},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":126.7053,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7053},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":43.9047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.022,"elongation":150.494},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.022,"opposition_distance":29.506}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.366,"elongation":0.969}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:11","sunsetLocal":"17:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":10.661592768949927,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 39 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 20 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:48","moonsetLocal":"08:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.174747046389683,"endHours":16.507446142508424,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:51","end":"11:11","startHours":9.843950661914722,"endHours":11.176649758033461,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"13:51","startHours":12.509348854152202,"endHours":13.842047950270944,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.66625744909889,"endHours":10.021643874730554,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:54","startHours":7.62278550171682,"endHours":7.907094642222151,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:52","startHours":12.153962428520538,"endHours":12.864735279783867,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:45","end":"06:28","startHours":5.757006767150582,"endHours":6.4677796184139105,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:11","startHours":6.290086405598078,"endHours":7.178552469677239,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:17","end":"15:00","startHours":14.286280982310524,"endHours":14.997053833573853,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:38","end":"18:02","startHours":17.640145238627166,"endHours":18.040145238627165,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:50","end":"18:17","startHours":17.840145238627166,"endHours":18.284378270666746,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:35","end":"19:20","startHours":17.590145238627166,"endHours":19.340145238627166,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:52","startHours":24.153962428520536,"endHours":24.864735279783865,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.178552469677239,"endHours":8.51125156579598,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:31","end":"09:51","startHours":8.51125156579598,"endHours":9.843950661914722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:51","end":"11:11","startHours":9.843950661914722,"endHours":11.176649758033461,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:11","end":"12:31","startHours":11.176649758033461,"endHours":12.509348854152202,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:31","end":"13:51","startHours":12.509348854152202,"endHours":13.842047950270944,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:51","end":"15:10","startHours":13.842047950270944,"endHours":15.174747046389683,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.174747046389683,"endHours":16.507446142508424,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:30","end":"17:50","startHours":16.507446142508424,"endHours":17.840145238627166,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:50","end":"19:30","startHours":17.840145238627166,"endHours":19.507446142508424,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:30","end":"21:10","startHours":19.507446142508424,"endHours":21.174747046389683,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:10","end":"22:51","startHours":21.174747046389683,"endHours":22.842047950270945,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:51","end":"00:31","startHours":22.842047950270945,"endHours":24.5093488541522,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:31","end":"02:11","startHours":24.5093488541522,"endHours":26.176649758033463,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:11","end":"03:51","startHours":26.176649758033463,"endHours":27.84395066191472,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:51","end":"05:31","startHours":27.84395066191472,"endHours":29.51125156579598,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:31","end":"07:11","startHours":29.51125156579598,"endHours":31.17855246967724,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.178552469677239,"endHours":8.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.17855246967724,"endHours":9.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.17855246967724,"endHours":10.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.17855246967724,"endHours":11.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.17855246967724,"endHours":12.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.17855246967724,"endHours":13.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.17855246967724,"endHours":14.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.17855246967724,"endHours":15.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.17855246967724,"endHours":16.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.17855246967724,"endHours":17.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.17855246967724,"endHours":18.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.17855246967724,"endHours":19.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.17855246967724,"endHours":20.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.17855246967724,"endHours":21.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.17855246967724,"endHours":22.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.17855246967724,"endHours":23.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.17855246967724,"endHours":24.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.17855246967724,"endHours":25.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.17855246967724,"endHours":26.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.17855246967724,"endHours":27.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.17855246967724,"endHours":28.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.17855246967724,"endHours":29.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.17855246967724,"endHours":30.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":30.17855246967724,"endHours":31.17855246967724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.228994094967785,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":22.5686}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1908 CE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1908 CE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 07:11, sūryāsta 17:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1908-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1908-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1908-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1908-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/1908-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:38:41.084Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:38:41.084Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:38:41.084Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}