{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-3181-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3181-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3181-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 3182 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3181,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":559467.770833,"kali_year":-79,"ahargana":-28997.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":218.2786,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":230.7825,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":12.5039,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.5039},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":230.7825,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1159},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":89.0612},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3181,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":559467.770833,"ahargana":-28997.7292,"kali_year":-79,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.5119,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":218.2786,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":230.7825,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.2166},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":255.5426,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":200.3049,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":124.8017,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":264.4153,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":124.0348,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":276.4392,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":96.4392,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3181,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":559467.770833,"kali_year":-79,"ahargana":-28997.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":218.2786,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":230.7825,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":12.5039,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.5039},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":230.7825,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1159},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":89.0612},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.217,"elongation":12.504},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.217,"opposition_distance":167.496}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:57","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:09","dayLengthHours":12.407323952153861,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 24 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 35 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:58","moonsetLocal":"19:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:30","end":"09:03","startHours":7.499327026145346,"endHours":9.050242520164579,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:36","end":"12:09","startHours":10.601158014183813,"endHours":12.152073508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:42","end":"15:15","startHours":13.702989002222278,"endHours":15.25390449624151,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:15","startHours":8.843453787628683,"endHours":9.257031252700477,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:28","end":"06:48","startHours":6.465383363465858,"endHours":6.796245335523294,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:34","startHours":11.73849604313125,"endHours":12.565650973274842,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:18","end":"05:07","startHours":4.294101671838932,"endHours":5.121256601982523,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:55","end":"05:57","startHours":4.914467869446625,"endHours":5.948411532126114,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:13","end":"15:03","startHours":14.219960833562022,"endHours":15.047115763705612,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.155735484279976,"endHours":18.555735484279975,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:52","startHours":18.355735484279975,"endHours":18.87270731561972,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.105735484279975,"endHours":19.855735484279975,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:34","startHours":23.73849604313125,"endHours":24.565650973274842,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:57","end":"07:30","startHours":5.948411532126114,"endHours":7.499327026145346,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:30","end":"09:03","startHours":7.499327026145346,"endHours":9.050242520164579,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:03","end":"10:36","startHours":9.050242520164579,"endHours":10.601158014183813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:36","end":"12:09","startHours":10.601158014183813,"endHours":12.152073508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:09","end":"13:42","startHours":12.152073508203046,"endHours":13.702989002222278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:42","end":"15:15","startHours":13.702989002222278,"endHours":15.25390449624151,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:15","end":"16:48","startHours":15.25390449624151,"endHours":16.804819990260743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:48","end":"18:21","startHours":16.804819990260743,"endHours":18.355735484279975,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:21","end":"19:48","startHours":18.355735484279975,"endHours":19.804819990260743,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:48","end":"21:15","startHours":19.804819990260743,"endHours":21.25390449624151,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:15","end":"22:42","startHours":21.25390449624151,"endHours":22.702989002222278,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:42","end":"00:09","startHours":22.702989002222278,"endHours":24.152073508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:09","end":"01:36","startHours":24.152073508203046,"endHours":25.601158014183813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:36","end":"03:03","startHours":25.601158014183813,"endHours":27.05024252016458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:03","end":"04:30","startHours":27.05024252016458,"endHours":28.499327026145345,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:30","end":"05:57","startHours":28.499327026145345,"endHours":29.948411532126116,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:57","end":"06:57","startHours":5.948411532126114,"endHours":6.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:57","end":"07:57","startHours":6.948411532126114,"endHours":7.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:57","end":"08:57","startHours":7.948411532126114,"endHours":8.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:57","end":"09:57","startHours":8.948411532126114,"endHours":9.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:57","end":"10:57","startHours":9.948411532126114,"endHours":10.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:57","end":"11:57","startHours":10.948411532126114,"endHours":11.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:57","end":"12:57","startHours":11.948411532126114,"endHours":12.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:57","end":"13:57","startHours":12.948411532126114,"endHours":13.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:57","end":"14:57","startHours":13.948411532126114,"endHours":14.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:57","end":"15:57","startHours":14.948411532126114,"endHours":15.948411532126114,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:57","end":"16:57","startHours":15.948411532126114,"endHours":16.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:57","end":"17:57","startHours":16.948411532126116,"endHours":17.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:57","end":"18:57","startHours":17.948411532126116,"endHours":18.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:57","end":"19:57","startHours":18.948411532126116,"endHours":19.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:57","end":"20:57","startHours":19.948411532126116,"endHours":20.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:57","end":"21:57","startHours":20.948411532126116,"endHours":21.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:57","end":"22:57","startHours":21.948411532126116,"endHours":22.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:57","end":"23:57","startHours":22.948411532126116,"endHours":23.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:57","end":"00:57","startHours":23.948411532126116,"endHours":24.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:57","end":"01:57","startHours":24.948411532126116,"endHours":25.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:57","end":"02:57","startHours":25.948411532126116,"endHours":26.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:57","end":"03:57","startHours":26.948411532126116,"endHours":27.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:57","end":"04:57","startHours":27.948411532126116,"endHours":28.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:57","end":"05:57","startHours":28.948411532126116,"endHours":29.948411532126116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.051887362673397,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":-48.5119}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3124,"saka_samvat":-3259,"bengali_samvat":-3774,"malayalam_era":-4005,"nanakshahi_year":-4650,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram -3124 undefined · Śaka -3259 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 3182 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 3182 BCE for Mathurā: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:57, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3181-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3181-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3181-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3181-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3181-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T20:44:53.112Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T20:44:53.112Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-11T20:44:53.112Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}