{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-3173-09-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3173-09-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3173-09-23","date_display":"September 23, 3174 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3173,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":562384.770833,"kali_year":-71,"ahargana":-26080.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.1214,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.9961,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":292.8748,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.8748},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.9961,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.6628},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":359.1175},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3173,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":562384.770833,"ahargana":-26080.7292,"kali_year":-71,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.4003,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.1214,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.9961,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.8369},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":1.681,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":208.3819,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":345.4227,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":258.9869,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":213.0056,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":121.8825,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":301.8825,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3173,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":562384.770833,"kali_year":-71,"ahargana":-26080.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.1214,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.9961,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":292.8748,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.8748},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.9961,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.6628},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":359.1175},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.837,"elongation":67.125},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.837,"opposition_distance":112.875}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:55","sunsetLocal":"18:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:11","dayLengthHours":12.545341489992506,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 32 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 27 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:48","moonsetLocal":"14:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:37","startHours":9.044817394172455,"endHours":10.612985080421517,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:45","end":"15:19","startHours":13.749320452919644,"endHours":15.317488139168706,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:55","end":"07:29","startHours":5.9084820216743275,"endHours":7.476649707923391,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:15","startHours":8.835728369339245,"endHours":9.253906419005663,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:26","end":"06:46","startHours":6.431204583757348,"endHours":6.765747023490482,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:46","end":"12:36","startHours":11.762974717004164,"endHours":12.599330816336996,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:04","startHours":4.23576982300866,"endHours":5.072125922341494,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:52","end":"05:55","startHours":4.863036897508286,"endHours":5.9084820216743275,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"15:07","startHours":14.272043015002664,"endHours":15.108399114335498,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:15","end":"18:39","startHours":18.253823511666834,"endHours":18.653823511666833,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:27","end":"18:59","startHours":18.453823511666833,"endHours":18.976546073749855,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:12","end":"19:57","startHours":18.203823511666833,"endHours":19.953823511666833,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:46","end":"00:36","startHours":23.762974717004163,"endHours":24.599330816336995,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:55","end":"07:29","startHours":5.9084820216743275,"endHours":7.476649707923391,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:29","end":"09:03","startHours":7.476649707923391,"endHours":9.044817394172455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:03","end":"10:37","startHours":9.044817394172455,"endHours":10.612985080421517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:37","end":"12:11","startHours":10.612985080421517,"endHours":12.18115276667058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:11","end":"13:45","startHours":12.18115276667058,"endHours":13.749320452919644,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:45","end":"15:19","startHours":13.749320452919644,"endHours":15.317488139168706,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:19","end":"16:53","startHours":15.317488139168706,"endHours":16.88565582541777,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:27","startHours":16.88565582541777,"endHours":18.453823511666833,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:27","end":"19:53","startHours":18.453823511666833,"endHours":19.88565582541777,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:53","end":"21:19","startHours":19.88565582541777,"endHours":21.317488139168706,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:19","end":"22:45","startHours":21.317488139168706,"endHours":22.749320452919644,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:45","end":"00:11","startHours":22.749320452919644,"endHours":24.18115276667058,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:11","end":"01:37","startHours":24.18115276667058,"endHours":25.612985080421517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:37","end":"03:03","startHours":25.612985080421517,"endHours":27.044817394172455,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:03","end":"04:29","startHours":27.044817394172455,"endHours":28.476649707923393,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:29","end":"05:55","startHours":28.476649707923393,"endHours":29.908482021674327,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:55","end":"06:55","startHours":5.9084820216743275,"endHours":6.9084820216743275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:55","end":"07:55","startHours":6.9084820216743275,"endHours":7.9084820216743275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:55","end":"08:55","startHours":7.9084820216743275,"endHours":8.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:55","end":"09:55","startHours":8.908482021674327,"endHours":9.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:55","end":"10:55","startHours":9.908482021674327,"endHours":10.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:55","end":"11:55","startHours":10.908482021674327,"endHours":11.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:55","end":"12:55","startHours":11.908482021674327,"endHours":12.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:55","end":"13:55","startHours":12.908482021674327,"endHours":13.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:55","end":"14:55","startHours":13.908482021674327,"endHours":14.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:55","end":"15:55","startHours":14.908482021674327,"endHours":15.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:55","end":"16:55","startHours":15.908482021674327,"endHours":16.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:55","end":"17:55","startHours":16.908482021674327,"endHours":17.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:55","end":"18:55","startHours":17.908482021674327,"endHours":18.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:55","end":"19:55","startHours":18.908482021674327,"endHours":19.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:55","end":"20:55","startHours":19.908482021674327,"endHours":20.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:55","end":"21:55","startHours":20.908482021674327,"endHours":21.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:55","end":"22:55","startHours":21.908482021674327,"endHours":22.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:55","end":"23:55","startHours":22.908482021674327,"endHours":23.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:55","end":"00:55","startHours":23.908482021674327,"endHours":24.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:55","end":"01:55","startHours":24.908482021674327,"endHours":25.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:55","end":"02:55","startHours":25.908482021674327,"endHours":26.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:55","end":"03:55","startHours":26.908482021674327,"endHours":27.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:55","end":"04:55","startHours":27.908482021674327,"endHours":28.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:55","end":"05:55","startHours":28.908482021674327,"endHours":29.908482021674327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":6.0161964005619355,"eotMinutes":8.436033999765183,"ayanamsa":-48.4003}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3116,"saka_samvat":-3251,"saka_samvatsara":"Prabhava","bengali_samvat":-3766,"malayalam_era":-3997,"nanakshahi_year":-4642,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram -3116 undefined · Śaka -3251 Prabhava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 23, 3174 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 23, 3174 BCE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:55, sūryāsta 18:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3173-09-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3173-09-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3173-09-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3173-09-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3173-09-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T14:28:09.694Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T14:28:09.694Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T14:28:09.694Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}