{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-3130-10-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3130-10-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3130-10-23","date_display":"October 23, 3131 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":10,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578120.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10344.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.6607,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":130.2137,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":246.553,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.553},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":130.2137,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2137},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":13.8744},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3130,"month":10,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578120.770833,"ahargana":-10344.7292,"kali_year":-28,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-47.7985,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.6607,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":130.2137,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8109},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":306.721,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":222.0629,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":220.2536,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":284.3156,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":1.5433,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":8.1135,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":188.1135,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":10,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578120.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10344.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.6607,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":130.2137,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":246.553,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.553},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":130.2137,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2137},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":13.8744},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.811,"elongation":113.447},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.811,"opposition_distance":66.553}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"17:54","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":11.691104598779098,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 41 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 18 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:35","moonsetLocal":"11:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:08","end":"10:36","startHours":9.131353268553665,"endHours":10.592741343401052,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:31","end":"14:59","startHours":13.515517493095828,"endHours":14.976905567943215,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:13","end":"07:40","startHours":6.208577118858891,"endHours":7.669965193706278,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:20","startHours":8.93650152524068,"endHours":9.32620501186665,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:42","end":"07:00","startHours":6.6957064771413535,"endHours":7.007469266442129,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:27","startHours":11.66442593162247,"endHours":12.44383290487441,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:39","end":"05:26","startHours":4.649763172355011,"endHours":5.4291701456069505,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:14","end":"06:13","startHours":5.234318402293966,"endHours":6.208577118858891,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:00","end":"14:47","startHours":14.00264685137829,"endHours":14.782053824630228,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:42","end":"18:06","startHours":17.69968171763799,"endHours":18.09968171763799,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:54","end":"18:23","startHours":17.89968171763799,"endHours":18.386811075920452,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:39","end":"19:24","startHours":17.64968171763799,"endHours":19.39968171763799,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:27","startHours":23.66442593162247,"endHours":24.44383290487441,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:13","end":"07:40","startHours":6.208577118858891,"endHours":7.669965193706278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:40","end":"09:08","startHours":7.669965193706278,"endHours":9.131353268553665,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:08","end":"10:36","startHours":9.131353268553665,"endHours":10.592741343401052,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:36","end":"12:03","startHours":10.592741343401052,"endHours":12.05412941824844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:03","end":"13:31","startHours":12.05412941824844,"endHours":13.515517493095828,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:31","end":"14:59","startHours":13.515517493095828,"endHours":14.976905567943215,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:59","end":"16:26","startHours":14.976905567943215,"endHours":16.4382936427906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:26","end":"17:54","startHours":16.4382936427906,"endHours":17.89968171763799,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:54","end":"19:26","startHours":17.89968171763799,"endHours":19.4382936427906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:26","end":"20:59","startHours":19.4382936427906,"endHours":20.976905567943213,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:59","end":"22:31","startHours":20.976905567943213,"endHours":22.515517493095828,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:31","end":"00:03","startHours":22.515517493095828,"endHours":24.05412941824844,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:03","end":"01:36","startHours":24.05412941824844,"endHours":25.592741343401052,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:36","end":"03:08","startHours":25.592741343401052,"endHours":27.131353268553667,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:08","end":"04:40","startHours":27.131353268553667,"endHours":28.66996519370628,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:40","end":"06:13","startHours":28.66996519370628,"endHours":30.20857711885889,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.208577118858891,"endHours":7.208577118858891,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.208577118858891,"endHours":8.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.20857711885889,"endHours":9.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.20857711885889,"endHours":10.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.20857711885889,"endHours":11.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.20857711885889,"endHours":12.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.20857711885889,"endHours":13.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.20857711885889,"endHours":14.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.20857711885889,"endHours":15.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.20857711885889,"endHours":16.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.20857711885889,"endHours":17.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.20857711885889,"endHours":18.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.20857711885889,"endHours":19.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.20857711885889,"endHours":20.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.20857711885889,"endHours":21.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.20857711885889,"endHours":22.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.20857711885889,"endHours":23.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.20857711885889,"endHours":24.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.20857711885889,"endHours":25.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.20857711885889,"endHours":26.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.20857711885889,"endHours":27.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.20857711885889,"endHours":28.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.20857711885889,"endHours":29.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.20857711885889,"endHours":30.20857711885889,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-6.240963359769269,"eotMinutes":16.057434905093558,"ayanamsa":-47.7985}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3073,"saka_samvat":-3208,"bengali_samvat":-3723,"malayalam_era":-3954,"nanakshahi_year":-4599,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram -3073 undefined · Śaka -3208 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 23, 3131 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 23, 3131 BCE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 17:54.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3130-10-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3130-10-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3130-10-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3130-10-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-3130-10-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T13:15:18.326Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T13:15:18.326Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T13:15:18.326Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}