{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-0504-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0504-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0504-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 505 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-504,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1537180.770833,"kali_year":2598,"ahargana":948715.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.2951,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.4851,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.19,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.19},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.4851,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4851},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":96.7803},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-504,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1537180.770833,"ahargana":948715.2708,"kali_year":2598,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-11.118,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.2951,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.4851,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.7795},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":23.743,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":154.6503,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":1.5794,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":106.6361,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":47.2251,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":312.4994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":132.4994,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-504,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1537180.770833,"kali_year":2598,"ahargana":948715.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.2951,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.4851,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.19,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.19},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.4851,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4851},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":96.7803},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.78,"elongation":171.81},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.78,"opposition_distance":8.19}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-16,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.215,"elongation":1.272}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:39","sunsetLocal":"19:12","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":13.546814472187407,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 32 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 27 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:33","moonsetLocal":"06:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:25","end":"14:07","startHours":12.424592544606686,"endHours":14.117944353630111,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:21","end":"09:02","startHours":7.344537117536409,"endHours":9.037888926559834,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.73124073558326,"endHours":12.424592544606686,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:16","startHours":8.812108685356712,"endHours":9.26366916776296,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:13","end":"06:35","startHours":6.215635911520792,"endHours":6.5768842974457895,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:53","startHours":11.973032062200438,"endHours":12.876153027012933,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:51","end":"04:45","startHours":3.8449433788879954,"endHours":4.74806434370049,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:31","end":"05:39","startHours":4.522284102497366,"endHours":5.651185308512983,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:35","startHours":14.682394956637921,"endHours":15.585515921450416,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:00","end":"19:24","startHours":18.99799978070039,"endHours":19.39799978070039,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:12","end":"19:46","startHours":19.19799978070039,"endHours":19.7624503837082,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:57","end":"20:42","startHours":18.94799978070039,"endHours":20.69799978070039,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:53","startHours":23.97303206220044,"endHours":24.876153027012933,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:39","end":"07:21","startHours":5.651185308512983,"endHours":7.344537117536409,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:21","end":"09:02","startHours":7.344537117536409,"endHours":9.037888926559834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:02","end":"10:44","startHours":9.037888926559834,"endHours":10.73124073558326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.73124073558326,"endHours":12.424592544606686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:25","end":"14:07","startHours":12.424592544606686,"endHours":14.117944353630111,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:07","end":"15:49","startHours":14.117944353630111,"endHours":15.811296162653537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:49","end":"17:30","startHours":15.811296162653537,"endHours":17.504647971676963,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:30","end":"19:12","startHours":17.504647971676963,"endHours":19.19799978070039,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:12","end":"20:30","startHours":19.19799978070039,"endHours":20.504647971676963,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:30","end":"21:49","startHours":20.504647971676963,"endHours":21.811296162653537,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:49","end":"23:07","startHours":21.811296162653537,"endHours":23.11794435363011,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:07","end":"00:25","startHours":23.11794435363011,"endHours":24.424592544606686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:25","end":"01:44","startHours":24.424592544606686,"endHours":25.73124073558326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:44","end":"03:02","startHours":25.73124073558326,"endHours":27.037888926559834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:02","end":"04:21","startHours":27.037888926559834,"endHours":28.344537117536408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:21","end":"05:39","startHours":28.344537117536408,"endHours":29.651185308512982,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:39","end":"06:39","startHours":5.651185308512983,"endHours":6.651185308512983,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:39","end":"07:39","startHours":6.651185308512983,"endHours":7.651185308512983,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:39","end":"08:39","startHours":7.651185308512983,"endHours":8.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:39","end":"09:39","startHours":8.651185308512982,"endHours":9.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:39","end":"10:39","startHours":9.651185308512982,"endHours":10.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:39","end":"11:39","startHours":10.651185308512982,"endHours":11.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:39","end":"12:39","startHours":11.651185308512982,"endHours":12.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:39","end":"13:39","startHours":12.651185308512982,"endHours":13.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:39","end":"14:39","startHours":13.651185308512982,"endHours":14.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:39","end":"15:39","startHours":14.651185308512982,"endHours":15.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:39","end":"16:39","startHours":15.651185308512982,"endHours":16.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:39","end":"17:39","startHours":16.651185308512982,"endHours":17.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:39","end":"18:39","startHours":17.651185308512982,"endHours":18.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:39","end":"19:39","startHours":18.651185308512982,"endHours":19.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:39","end":"20:39","startHours":19.651185308512982,"endHours":20.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:39","end":"21:39","startHours":20.651185308512982,"endHours":21.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:39","end":"22:39","startHours":21.651185308512982,"endHours":22.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:39","end":"23:39","startHours":22.651185308512982,"endHours":23.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:39","end":"00:39","startHours":23.651185308512982,"endHours":24.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:39","end":"01:39","startHours":24.651185308512982,"endHours":25.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:39","end":"02:39","startHours":25.651185308512982,"endHours":26.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:39","end":"03:39","startHours":26.651185308512982,"endHours":27.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:39","end":"04:39","startHours":27.651185308512982,"endHours":28.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:39","end":"05:39","startHours":28.651185308512982,"endHours":29.651185308512982,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.44460580299614,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":-11.118}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-447,"saka_samvat":-582,"bengali_samvat":-1097,"malayalam_era":-1328,"nanakshahi_year":-1973,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram -447 undefined · Śaka -582 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"pitra-paksha-start","name":"Pitṛ-Pakṣa Start","name_sanskrit":"पितृ पक्ष आरम्भ","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Pitṛ-gaṇa","significance":"Begin 16-day śrāddha period for ancestors. Bhādrapada Pūrṇimā next-day.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":16,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pitṛ-Pakṣa Start is not live yet; Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 505 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 505 BCE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:39, sūryāsta 19:12.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0504-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0504-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0504-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0504-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0504-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-07T23:00:00.804Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-07T23:00:00.804Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-07T23:00:00.804Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}