{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-0478-03-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0478-03-24","date_display":"March 24, 479 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546550.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958085.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5071,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.2074,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":290.7003,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7003},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":304.2074,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8741},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":317.7145},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546550.770833,"ahargana":958085.2708,"kali_year":2624,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.7596,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5071,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.2074,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.5361},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":228.6132,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":12.8943,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":42.8114,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":346.8589,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":351.166,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":176.0317,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":356.0317,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546550.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958085.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5071,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.2074,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":290.7003,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7003},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":304.2074,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8741},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":317.7145},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.536,"elongation":69.3},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.536,"opposition_distance":110.7}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-10,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.497,"opposition_distance":0.884}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"18:32","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":12.201055632629078,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 12 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 47 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:33","moonsetLocal":"13:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:01","end":"18:32","startHours":17.012117365443657,"endHours":18.537249319522292,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:26","end":"13:58","startHours":12.436721503207753,"endHours":13.961853457286388,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:29","end":"17:01","startHours":15.486985411365023,"endHours":17.012117365443657,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:35","startHours":9.18310666784,"endHours":9.58980852226097,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:10","startHours":6.844571004919427,"endHours":7.169932488456202,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:51","startHours":12.030019648786784,"endHours":12.843423357628723,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:43","end":"05:31","startHours":4.709386269209338,"endHours":5.522789978051277,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:20","startHours":5.319439050840792,"endHours":6.336193686893215,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:17","startHours":14.4702307753126,"endHours":15.28363448415454,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:20","end":"18:44","startHours":18.337249319522293,"endHours":18.73724931952229,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:32","end":"19:03","startHours":18.537249319522292,"endHours":19.045626637548505,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:17","end":"20:02","startHours":18.287249319522292,"endHours":20.037249319522292,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:51","startHours":24.030019648786784,"endHours":24.843423357628723,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:20","end":"07:52","startHours":6.336193686893215,"endHours":7.86132564097185,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.86132564097185,"endHours":9.386457595050484,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:23","end":"10:55","startHours":9.386457595050484,"endHours":10.911589549129118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:55","end":"12:26","startHours":10.911589549129118,"endHours":12.436721503207753,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:26","end":"13:58","startHours":12.436721503207753,"endHours":13.961853457286388,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:58","end":"15:29","startHours":13.961853457286388,"endHours":15.486985411365023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:29","end":"17:01","startHours":15.486985411365023,"endHours":17.012117365443657,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:01","end":"18:32","startHours":17.012117365443657,"endHours":18.537249319522292,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:32","end":"20:01","startHours":18.537249319522292,"endHours":20.012117365443657,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:01","end":"21:29","startHours":20.012117365443657,"endHours":21.486985411365023,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:29","end":"22:58","startHours":21.486985411365023,"endHours":22.961853457286388,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:58","end":"00:26","startHours":22.961853457286388,"endHours":24.436721503207753,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:26","end":"01:55","startHours":24.436721503207753,"endHours":25.91158954912912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:55","end":"03:23","startHours":25.91158954912912,"endHours":27.386457595050484,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:23","end":"04:52","startHours":27.386457595050484,"endHours":28.86132564097185,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:20","startHours":28.86132564097185,"endHours":30.336193686893214,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.336193686893215,"endHours":7.336193686893215,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.336193686893215,"endHours":8.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.336193686893214,"endHours":9.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.336193686893214,"endHours":10.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.336193686893214,"endHours":11.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.336193686893214,"endHours":12.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.336193686893214,"endHours":13.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.336193686893214,"endHours":14.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.336193686893214,"endHours":15.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.336193686893214,"endHours":16.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.336193686893214,"endHours":17.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.336193686893214,"endHours":18.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.336193686893214,"endHours":19.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.336193686893214,"endHours":20.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.336193686893214,"endHours":21.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.336193686893214,"endHours":22.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.336193686893214,"endHours":23.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.336193686893214,"endHours":24.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.336193686893214,"endHours":25.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.336193686893214,"endHours":26.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.336193686893214,"endHours":27.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.336193686893214,"endHours":28.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.336193686893214,"endHours":29.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.336193686893214,"endHours":30.336193686893214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":1.0924173695607373,"eotMinutes":-6.898090192465199,"ayanamsa":-10.7596}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-421,"saka_samvat":-556,"bengali_samvat":-1071,"malayalam_era":-1302,"nanakshahi_year":-1947,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram -421 undefined · Śaka -556 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 24, 479 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 24, 479 BCE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 18:32.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T13:45:00.687Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T13:45:00.687Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T13:45:00.687Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}