{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-0478-03-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0478-03-18","date_display":"March 18, 479 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546544.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958079.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.6898,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":233.0843,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.3945,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3945},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":233.0843,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.4177},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":240.7741},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546544.770833,"ahargana":958079.2708,"kali_year":2624,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.7599,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.6898,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":233.0843,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.7615},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":229.2696,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":2.2127,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":41.592,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":339.3559,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.4034,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":176.3496,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":356.3496,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546544.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958079.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.6898,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":233.0843,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.3945,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3945},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":233.0843,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.4177},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":240.7741},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.761,"elongation":134.605},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.761,"opposition_distance":45.395}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.497,"opposition_distance":0.884}]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.040525110189064,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:00","moonsetLocal":"08:59","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:57","end":"09:27","startHours":7.952621317670987,"endHours":9.45768695644462,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:58","end":"12:28","startHours":10.962752595218252,"endHours":12.467818233991885,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:58","end":"15:29","startHours":13.972883872765518,"endHours":15.477949511539151,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:15","end":"09:40","startHours":9.25701153794147,"endHours":9.658362374947771,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:16","startHours":6.9492442251552315,"endHours":7.270324894760273,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:52","startHours":12.066467396985583,"endHours":12.869169070998186,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:39","startHours":4.842152330872145,"endHours":5.644854004884749,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":5.444178586381598,"endHours":6.447555678897354,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:17","startHours":14.474572419023398,"endHours":15.277274093036002,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.28808078908642,"endHours":18.688080789086417,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:59","startHours":18.488080789086418,"endHours":18.989769335344295,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.238080789086418,"endHours":19.988080789086418,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:52","startHours":24.066467396985583,"endHours":24.869169070998186,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:27","end":"07:57","startHours":6.447555678897354,"endHours":7.952621317670987,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:57","end":"09:27","startHours":7.952621317670987,"endHours":9.45768695644462,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:27","end":"10:58","startHours":9.45768695644462,"endHours":10.962752595218252,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:58","end":"12:28","startHours":10.962752595218252,"endHours":12.467818233991885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:28","end":"13:58","startHours":12.467818233991885,"endHours":13.972883872765518,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:58","end":"15:29","startHours":13.972883872765518,"endHours":15.477949511539151,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:29","end":"16:59","startHours":15.477949511539151,"endHours":16.983015150312784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:59","end":"18:29","startHours":16.983015150312784,"endHours":18.488080789086418,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:29","end":"19:59","startHours":18.488080789086418,"endHours":19.983015150312784,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:59","end":"21:29","startHours":19.983015150312784,"endHours":21.47794951153915,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:29","end":"22:58","startHours":21.47794951153915,"endHours":22.972883872765518,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:58","end":"00:28","startHours":22.972883872765518,"endHours":24.467818233991885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:28","end":"01:58","startHours":24.467818233991885,"endHours":25.96275259521825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:58","end":"03:27","startHours":25.96275259521825,"endHours":27.45768695644462,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:27","end":"04:57","startHours":27.45768695644462,"endHours":28.95262131767099,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:57","end":"06:27","startHours":28.95262131767099,"endHours":30.447555678897352,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.447555678897354,"endHours":7.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.447555678897354,"endHours":8.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.447555678897354,"endHours":9.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.447555678897354,"endHours":10.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.447555678897354,"endHours":11.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.447555678897354,"endHours":12.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.447555678897354,"endHours":13.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.447555678897354,"endHours":14.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.447555678897354,"endHours":15.447555678897354,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.447555678897354,"endHours":16.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.447555678897352,"endHours":17.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.447555678897352,"endHours":18.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.447555678897352,"endHours":19.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.447555678897352,"endHours":20.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.447555678897352,"endHours":21.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.447555678897352,"endHours":22.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.447555678897352,"endHours":23.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.447555678897352,"endHours":24.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.447555678897352,"endHours":25.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.447555678897352,"endHours":26.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.447555678897352,"endHours":27.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.447555678897352,"endHours":28.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.447555678897352,"endHours":29.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.447555678897352,"endHours":30.447555678897352,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"undefined (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-1.2205865118602093,"eotMinutes":-8.763894039513033,"ayanamsa":-10.7599}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-421,"saka_samvat":-556,"bengali_samvat":-1071,"malayalam_era":-1302,"nanakshahi_year":-1947,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram -421 undefined · Śaka -556 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī is not live yet; Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 18, 479 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 18, 479 BCE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0478-03-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T01:10:42.580Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T01:10:42.580Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-12T01:10:42.580Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}