{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-0462-04-09:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0462-04-09","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0462-04-09","date_display":"April 9, 463 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta (Burgess 1860 text, no bīja): Sun and Moon by the equation of the apsis with the 24-sine table","engine_version":"3.0 (text of the Sūrya Siddhānta)","accuracy_note":"Siddhāntic places, not the observed sky. Against the observed sky 1900-2030 the Moon averages -0.06 deg (max 3.6 deg), the Sun -0.21 deg (max 0.6 deg).","tradition_chain":"Sūrya Siddhānta, tr. E. Burgess (JAOS 6, 1860): I.29-47, II.15-45","input":{"year":-462,"month":4,"day":9,"hour":5.052266666666667,"minute":44.064,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1552410.741111,"kali_year":2640,"ahargana":963945.2411,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.6692,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":126.0879,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":97.4188,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.4188},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":126.0879,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.0879},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":154.7571},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta four-step process (II.43-44), tabular sines, even/odd epicycles, no bīja; verified against Burgess 1860 worked example","engine_version":"4.0 (Pūrṇa — Burgess text, 2026-09-26)","tradition_sources":"Sūrya Siddhānta Ch. I-III, tr. E. Burgess (JAOS 6, 1860)","input":{"year":-462,"month":4,"day":9,"hour":5.052266666666667,"minute":44.064,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1552410.741111,"ahargana":963945.2411,"kali_year":2640,"ayanamsa":-14.4139,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.6692,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":126.0879,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4388},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":45.519,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":5.685,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":173.5721,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":8.9633,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":197.7223,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.5423,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.5423,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta (Burgess 1860 text, no bīja): Sun and Moon by the equation of the apsis with the 24-sine table","engine_version":"3.0 (text of the Sūrya Siddhānta)","accuracy_note":"Siddhāntic places, not the observed sky. Against the observed sky 1900-2030 the Moon averages -0.06 deg (max 3.6 deg), the Sun -0.21 deg (max 0.6 deg).","tradition_chain":"Sūrya Siddhānta, tr. E. Burgess (JAOS 6, 1860): I.29-47, II.15-45","input":{"year":-462,"month":4,"day":9,"hour":5.052266666666667,"minute":44.064,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1552410.741111,"kali_year":2640,"ahargana":963945.2411,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.6692,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":126.0879,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":97.4188,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.4188},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":126.0879,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.0879},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":154.7571},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.439,"elongation":97.419},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.439,"opposition_distance":82.581}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:14","sunsetLocal":"18:38","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":12.404892593622208,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 24 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 35 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:41","moonsetLocal":"01:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:47","end":"09:20","startHours":7.785012634471059,"endHours":9.335624208673835},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:53","end":"12:26","startHours":10.88623578287661,"endHours":12.436847357079387},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:59","end":"15:32","startHours":13.987458931282163,"endHours":15.538070505484939},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:51","startHours":12.016666666666667,"endHours":12.85},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:41","end":"05:28","startHours":4.683333333333334,"endHours":5.466666666666667},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:44","startHours":18.533333333333335,"endHours":18.733333333333334},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśītha","start":"00:03","end":"00:49","startHours":24.05,"endHours":24.816666666666666},"sourcedMuhurtas":{"success":true,"date":"-462-04-09","sunrise":"06:14","sunset":"18:38","timezone":"UTC+5.5","calculation_method":"surya_siddhanta (II.59-63, II.46)","rahu_kalam":{"name":"Rāhu Kālam","sanskrit":"राहु काल","start":"07:47","end":"09:20","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"part 2 of the day's 8 (Sun 8, Mon 2, Tue 7, Wed 5, Thu 6, Fri 4, Sat 3)","source":"South Indian almanac table (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala); no verse found in BPHS, Bṛhatsaṃhitā, Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Nārada-saṃhitā, Phaladīpikā, Dharmasindhu, Nirṇayasindhu or Praśna-mārga","sources_say":["Uttara-kālāmṛta 2.29 (post-16th century; read in P. S. Sastri's English): not to bathe in the sea during it. The editor: \"Standard texts have no mention of it.\""],"evidence":"regional convention"},"yamaganda_kalam":{"name":"Yamaghaṇṭaka (Yamagaṇḍa) Kālam","sanskrit":"यमघण्टक","start":"10:53","end":"12:26","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Jupiter's eighth of the day: part 4 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},"gulika_kalam":{"name":"Gulika Kālam","sanskrit":"गुलिक","start":"13:59","end":"15:32","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Saturn's eighth of the day: part 6 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas \"Gulika has no evil force\"; ch. 33 note: \"Gulika is not considered inauspicious\"","Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},"brahma_muhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","sanskrit":"ब्रह्म मुहूर्त","start":"04:41","end":"05:28","duration_minutes":46.4,"rule":"the 14th fifteenth of the night ending at this sunrise","source":"Manusmṛti 4.92; Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya Sūtra 2.1, with Aruṇadatta and Hemādri","sources_say":["Manusmṛti 4.92: \"brāhme muhūrte budhyeta\" (one should wake in the brāhma muhūrta and reflect on dharma and the Veda)","Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya Sūtra 2.1: \"brāhme muhūrta uttiṣṭhet svastho rakṣārtham āyuṣaḥ\" (the healthy should rise then, to protect life)","Aruṇadatta: \"rātreś caturdaśo muhūrto brāhmo muhūrtaḥ\"; Hemādri: \"rātreś copāntyo muhūrto brāhmaḥ\" (wording through a journal article)"],"evidence":"secondary","note":"Manu and Vāgbhaṭa name it; the 14th of the night is the commentators' definition"},"abhijit_muhurta":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","sanskrit":"अभिजित् मुहूर्त","start":"12:01","end":"12:51","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the day, around midday","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.7-8; Muhūrta-gaṇapati 83-86; Nārada-saṃhitā 9.4-5","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.8: \"tena yānam apahāya dakṣiṇāṃ sarvadikṣv abhijit praśasyate\" (under Abhijit, travel in every direction but the south is praised)","Muhūrta-gaṇapati 83-84: in Abhijit, even where faults exist, one may do all auspicious work except travel to the south","Vālmīki-Rāmāyaṇa 6.4.3 calls the midday muhūrta Vijaya (\"yukto muhūrto vijayaḥ prāpto madhyaṃ divākaraḥ\")"],"evidence":"verse read"},"nishitha":{"name":"Niśītha","sanskrit":"निशीथ","start":"00:03","end":"00:49","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the night: the middle of the night (not clock midnight)","source":"Dharmasindhu; Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54","sources_say":["Dharmasindhu: niśītha is the middle of the night, finely the 8th muhūrta; the instant at which a tithi is taken for night observances","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54: for travel, niśītha except toward the north"],"evidence":"verse read (OCR)"},"godhuli":{"name":"Godhūli","sanskrit":"गोधूलि","start":"18:32","end":"18:44","duration_minutes":12,"rule":"15 pala before and after the half-set Sun (the text's sunset is the Sun's centre on the horizon)","source":"Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Vivāha 38 (citing the Jyotirnibandha); Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Vivāha 6.100-101","sources_say":["Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 6.100: \"godhūliḥ sā munibhir uditā sarvakāryeṣu praśastā\" (the sages declared godhūli praised for all works)","Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Vivāha 38: a lagna for marriage when no other good lagna is available","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54: for travel, godhūli except toward the west"],"evidence":"verse read (OCR)","note":"MC 6.101 places the instant by season (in hemanta the rayless disk, in the hot season the half-set Sun, in the rains the Sun fully set); the half-set form is given"},"kala_vela":{"day":[{"name":"Gulika (day)","sanskrit":"गुलिक","start":"13:59","end":"15:32","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Saturn's eighth of the day: part 6 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas \"Gulika has no evil force\"; ch. 33 note: \"Gulika is not considered inauspicious\"","Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Yamaghaṇṭaka (day)","sanskrit":"यमघण्टक","start":"10:53","end":"12:26","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Jupiter's eighth of the day: part 4 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Kāla (day)","sanskrit":"काल","start":"15:32","end":"17:05","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Sun's eighth of the day: part 7 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Kālan, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Rāhu"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Mṛtyu (day)","sanskrit":"मृत्यु","start":"07:47","end":"09:20","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Mars's eighth of the day: part 2 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Ardhaprahara (day)","sanskrit":"अर्धप्रहर","start":"09:20","end":"10:53","duration_minutes":93,"rule":"Mercury's eighth of the day: part 3 of 8, counted from Moon","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Ardhapraharam, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Mercury"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"}],"night":[{"name":"Gulika (night)","sanskrit":"गुलिक","start":"20:05","end":"21:32","duration_minutes":86.9,"rule":"Saturn's eighth of the night: part 2 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas \"Gulika has no evil force\"; ch. 33 note: \"Gulika is not considered inauspicious\"","Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Yamaghaṇṭaka (night)","sanskrit":"यमघण्टक","start":"03:19","end":"04:46","duration_minutes":86.9,"rule":"Jupiter's eighth of the night: part 7 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Kāla (night)","sanskrit":"काल","start":"21:32","end":"22:59","duration_minutes":86.9,"rule":"Sun's eighth of the night: part 3 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Kālan, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Rāhu"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Mṛtyu (night)","sanskrit":"मृत्यु","start":"00:26","end":"01:53","duration_minutes":86.9,"rule":"Mars's eighth of the night: part 5 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Ardhaprahara (night)","sanskrit":"अर्धप्रहर","start":"01:53","end":"03:19","duration_minutes":86.9,"rule":"Mercury's eighth of the night: part 6 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Ardhapraharam, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Mercury"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"}]},"day_muhurtas":[{"name":"Śiva","sanskrit":"शिव","deity":"Śiva","start":"06:14","end":"07:04","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 1th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Bhujaga","sanskrit":"भुजग","deity":"Bhujaga","start":"07:04","end":"07:53","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 2th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Mitra","sanskrit":"मित्र","deity":"Mitra","start":"07:53","end":"08:43","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 3th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Pitṛ","sanskrit":"पितृ","deity":"Pitṛ","start":"08:43","end":"09:33","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 4th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Vasu","sanskrit":"वसु","deity":"Vasu","start":"09:33","end":"10:22","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 5th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Jala","sanskrit":"जल","deity":"Jala","start":"10:22","end":"11:12","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 6th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Viśva","sanskrit":"विश्व","deity":"Viśva","start":"11:12","end":"12:01","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 7th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Viriñci (Abhijit)","sanskrit":"विरिञ्चि","deity":"Viriñci (Abhijit)","start":"12:01","end":"12:51","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Paṅkajaprabhava (Brahmā)","sanskrit":"पङ्कजप्रभव","deity":"Paṅkajaprabhava (Brahmā)","start":"12:51","end":"13:41","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 9th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Indra","sanskrit":"इन्द्र","deity":"Indra","start":"13:41","end":"14:30","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 10th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Indrāgnī","sanskrit":"इन्द्राग्नी","deity":"Indrāgnī","start":"14:30","end":"15:20","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 11th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Niśācara","sanskrit":"निशाचर","deity":"Niśācara","start":"15:20","end":"16:09","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 12th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Varuṇa","sanskrit":"वरुण","deity":"Varuṇa","start":"16:09","end":"16:59","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 13th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Aryaman","sanskrit":"अर्यमन्","deity":"Aryaman","start":"16:59","end":"17:49","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 14th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Yoni (Bhaga)","sanskrit":"योनि","deity":"Yoni (Bhaga)","start":"17:49","end":"18:38","duration_minutes":49.6,"rule":"the 15th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"}],"night_muhurtas":[{"name":"Rudra","sanskrit":"रुद्र","deity":"Rudra","start":"18:38","end":"19:25","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 1th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Aja","sanskrit":"अज","deity":"Aja","start":"19:25","end":"20:11","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 2th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Ahirbudhnya","sanskrit":"अहिर्बुध्न्य","deity":"Ahirbudhnya","start":"20:11","end":"20:57","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 3th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Pūṣan","sanskrit":"पूषन्","deity":"Pūṣan","start":"20:57","end":"21:44","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 4th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Dasra","sanskrit":"दस्र","deity":"Dasra","start":"21:44","end":"22:30","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 5th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Antaka","sanskrit":"अन्तक","deity":"Antaka","start":"22:30","end":"23:16","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 6th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Agni","sanskrit":"अग्नि","deity":"Agni","start":"23:16","end":"00:03","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 7th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Dhātṛ","sanskrit":"धातृ","deity":"Dhātṛ","start":"00:03","end":"00:49","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Indu","sanskrit":"इन्दु","deity":"Indu","start":"00:49","end":"01:35","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 9th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Aditi","sanskrit":"अदिति","deity":"Aditi","start":"01:35","end":"02:22","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 10th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Guru","sanskrit":"गुरु","deity":"Guru","start":"02:22","end":"03:08","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 11th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Hari","sanskrit":"हरि","deity":"Hari","start":"03:08","end":"03:54","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 12th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Ravi","sanskrit":"रवि","deity":"Ravi","start":"03:54","end":"04:41","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 13th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Tvaṣṭṛ","sanskrit":"त्वष्टृ","deity":"Tvaṣṭṛ","start":"04:41","end":"05:27","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 14th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Anila","sanskrit":"अनिल","deity":"Anila","start":"05:27","end":"06:13","duration_minutes":46.3,"rule":"the 15th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"}],"vara_lord":"Chandra","vara_sanskrit":"सोमवार","not_computed":[{"name":"Vijaya muhūrta as \"the second half of the 7th muhūrta\"","reason":"no source; Rāmāyaṇa 6.4.3 calls the midday muhūrta Vijaya (see Abhijit)"},{"name":"Amṛta kāla by weekday","reason":"no source for a weekday table; the amṛta-ghaṭikā of the sources is by nakṣatra and is not yet read from a primary text"},{"name":"Durmuhūrta (Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.38-39)","reason":"the weekday table is partly unreadable in the scans (Tuesday and Thursday)"}],"sources":"docs/MUHURTA_SOURCES.md"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:14","end":"07:47","startHours":6.234401060268283,"endHours":7.785012634471059},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:47","end":"09:20","startHours":7.785012634471059,"endHours":9.335624208673835},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:20","end":"10:53","startHours":9.335624208673835,"endHours":10.88623578287661},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:53","end":"12:26","startHours":10.88623578287661,"endHours":12.436847357079387},{"name":"Udvega","start":"12:26","end":"13:59","startHours":12.436847357079387,"endHours":13.987458931282163},{"name":"Cara","start":"13:59","end":"15:32","startHours":13.987458931282163,"endHours":15.538070505484939},{"name":"Lābha","start":"15:32","end":"17:05","startHours":15.538070505484939,"endHours":17.088682079687715},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:05","end":"18:38","startHours":17.088682079687715,"endHours":18.63929365389049}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Cara","start":"18:38","end":"20:05","startHours":18.63929365389049,"endHours":20.088682079687715},{"name":"Lābha","start":"20:05","end":"21:32","startHours":20.088682079687715,"endHours":21.53807050548494},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:32","end":"22:59","startHours":21.53807050548494,"endHours":22.987458931282163},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:59","end":"00:26","startHours":22.987458931282163,"endHours":24.436847357079387},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:26","end":"01:53","startHours":24.436847357079387,"endHours":25.88623578287661},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:53","end":"03:20","startHours":25.88623578287661,"endHours":27.335624208673835},{"name":"Udvega","start":"03:20","end":"04:47","startHours":27.335624208673835,"endHours":28.78501263447106},{"name":"Cara","start":"04:47","end":"06:14","startHours":28.78501263447106,"endHours":30.234401060268283}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.234401060268283,"endHours":7.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.234401060268283,"endHours":8.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.234401060268283,"endHours":9.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.234401060268283,"endHours":10.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.234401060268283,"endHours":11.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.234401060268283,"endHours":12.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.234401060268283,"endHours":13.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.234401060268283,"endHours":14.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.234401060268283,"endHours":15.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.234401060268283,"endHours":16.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.234401060268283,"endHours":17.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.234401060268283,"endHours":18.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.234401060268283,"endHours":19.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.234401060268283,"endHours":20.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.234401060268283,"endHours":21.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.234401060268283,"endHours":22.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.234401060268283,"endHours":23.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.234401060268283,"endHours":24.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.234401060268283,"endHours":25.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.234401060268283,"endHours":26.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.234401060268283,"endHours":27.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.234401060268283,"endHours":28.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.234401060268283,"endHours":29.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":29.234401060268283,"endHours":30.234401060268283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"day_star":"Maghā","by_tara":[{"number":1,"name":"Janma","janma_stars":["Aśvinī","Maghā","Mūla"]},{"number":2,"name":"Sampat","janma_stars":["Aśleṣā","Jyeṣṭhā","Revatī"]},{"number":3,"name":"Vipat","janma_stars":["Puṣya","Anurādhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"]},{"number":4,"name":"Kṣema","janma_stars":["Punarvasu","Viśākhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"]},{"number":5,"name":"Pratyari","janma_stars":["Ārdrā","Svātī","Śatabhiṣaj"]},{"number":6,"name":"Sādhaka","janma_stars":["Mṛgaśirā","Citrā","Dhaniṣṭhā"]},{"number":7,"name":"Vadha","janma_stars":["Rohiṇī","Hasta","Śravaṇa"]},{"number":8,"name":"Maitra","janma_stars":["Kṛttikā","Uttara Phalgunī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā"]},{"number":9,"name":"Atimaitra","janma_stars":["Bharaṇī","Pūrva Phalgunī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā"]}],"rule":"Counted from the janma star to the day's star, in three rounds of nine","source":"Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Gocara 11-12","sources_say":"\"tārā nāmasadṛkphalāḥ\": each tārā gives fruit like its name (v.12)"},"chandraBala":{"moon_rashi":"Siṃha","rows":[{"janma_rashi":"Meṣa","house":5,"place":"v.4 (bright half)","vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Vṛṣabha","house":4,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Mithuna","house":3,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":9,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Karka","house":2,"place":"v.4 (bright half)","vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Siṃha","house":1,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":5,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Kanyā","house":12,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Tulā","house":11,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":8,"vedha_by":["Mars","Ketu"]},{"janma_rashi":"Vṛścika","house":10,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":4,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Dhanu","house":9,"place":"v.4 (bright half)","vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Makara","house":8,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Kumbha","house":7,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":2,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Mīna","house":6,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":12,"vedha_by":[]}],"rule":"The Moon's house counted from the janma rāśi; the places of v.1 with their vedha houses, and in the bright half those of v.4","source":"Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Gocara 1-4","not_computed":"the vedha of the v.4 places (the ṭīkā gives 6, 8, 4; not checked against a second edition)"},"dishaShool":"East","dishaShoolSource":"Nārada-saṃhitā 33.5 (and Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 10): \"na vrajet\", one should not set out that way on that weekday","chandraVasa":"East","chandraVasaSource":"Nārada-saṃhitā 33.8: the rāśis from Meṣa in turn to the four quarters from the east; the Moon dwells in her rāśi's quarter","rahuVasa":null,"rahuVasaNotComputed":"Rāhu-vāsa by weekday: no classical verse found (Muhūrtacintāmaṇi has only the nakṣatra-based Pathi-Rāhu-cakra, Yātrā 18); an almanac convention, not shown","anandadiYoga":{"number":6,"name":"Dhvāṅkṣa","star":"Maghā","counted_from":"Mṛgaśiras","excluded_ghatis":5,"rule":"Counted from the weekday's star to the day's star, Abhijit included (28)","source":"Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Śubhāśubha 23-26; Abhijit by Vivāha 55"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta: sunrise and sunset II.59-63 with II.46; ayanāṃśa III.9-10; obliquity 24°","declination":5.838655504381951,"eotMinutes":-6.698760358757851,"ayanamsa":-14.413865062272418}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-405,"saka_samvat":-540,"bengali_samvat":-1055,"malayalam_era":-1287,"nanakshahi_year":-1930,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Navamī · Vikram -405 undefined · Śaka -540 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"sita-navami","name":"Sītā Navamī","name_sanskrit":"सीता नवमी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Sītā Devī (Lakṣmī as Bhū-suta)","significance":"Devī Sītā's manifestation in Mithilā; rāmāvatāra-kalatra.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":9,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Bāla-Kāṇḍa 66"]},{"id":"madhva-jayanti","name":"Madhvācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"मध्वाचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Madhvācārya (Dvaita)","significance":"Birth of Madhvācārya; Dvaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka. 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Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}