{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mathura:-0443-07-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0443-07-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0443-07-25","date_display":"July 25, 444 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559457.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970992.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.6509,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.7111,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":329.0602,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0602},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":99.7111,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.3777},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":230.362},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-443,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559457.770833,"ahargana":970992.2708,"kali_year":2659,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.266,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.6509,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.7111,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1585},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":140.755,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":146.9261,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":52.3289,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":124.8874,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":75.1139,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":212.1567,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":32.1567,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559457.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970992.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.6509,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.7111,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":329.0602,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0602},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":99.7111,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.3777},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":230.362},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.158,"elongation":30.94},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.158,"opposition_distance":149.06}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mathura","name":"Mathurā","lat":27.4924,"lon":77.6737,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:38","sunsetLocal":"19:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":13.59707291479415,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 35 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 24 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:27","moonsetLocal":"17:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:02","end":"10:44","startHours":9.0254459568423,"endHours":10.725080071191568,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:07","end":"15:49","startHours":14.124348299890107,"endHours":15.823982414239374,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:38","end":"07:20","startHours":5.626177728143762,"endHours":7.325811842493032,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:48","end":"09:15","startHours":8.798828074929064,"endHours":9.252063838755536,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:12","end":"06:33","startHours":6.1927224329268515,"endHours":6.555311043988029,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:53","startHours":11.971478421714366,"endHours":12.87794994936731,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:49","end":"04:43","startHours":3.8132346728378756,"endHours":4.719706200490819,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:30","end":"05:38","startHours":4.493088318577583,"endHours":5.626177728143762,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:36","startHours":14.690893004673196,"endHours":15.59736453232614,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:01","end":"19:25","startHours":19.023250642937914,"endHours":19.423250642937912,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:13","end":"19:47","startHours":19.223250642937913,"endHours":19.789795347721004,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:58","end":"20:43","startHours":18.973250642937913,"endHours":20.723250642937913,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:53","startHours":23.971478421714366,"endHours":24.877949949367306,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:38","end":"07:20","startHours":5.626177728143762,"endHours":7.325811842493032,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:20","end":"09:02","startHours":7.325811842493032,"endHours":9.0254459568423,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:02","end":"10:44","startHours":9.0254459568423,"endHours":10.725080071191568,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.725080071191568,"endHours":12.424714185540838,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:25","end":"14:07","startHours":12.424714185540838,"endHours":14.124348299890107,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:07","end":"15:49","startHours":14.124348299890107,"endHours":15.823982414239374,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:49","end":"17:31","startHours":15.823982414239374,"endHours":17.523616528588644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:13","startHours":17.523616528588644,"endHours":19.223250642937913,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:13","end":"20:31","startHours":19.223250642937913,"endHours":20.523616528588644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:31","end":"21:49","startHours":20.523616528588644,"endHours":21.823982414239374,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:49","end":"23:07","startHours":21.823982414239374,"endHours":23.124348299890105,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:07","end":"00:25","startHours":23.124348299890105,"endHours":24.424714185540836,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:25","end":"01:44","startHours":24.424714185540836,"endHours":25.72508007119157,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:44","end":"03:02","startHours":25.72508007119157,"endHours":27.0254459568423,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:02","end":"04:20","startHours":27.0254459568423,"endHours":28.32581184249303,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:20","end":"05:38","startHours":28.32581184249303,"endHours":29.626177728143762,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":5.626177728143762,"endHours":6.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.626177728143762,"endHours":7.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.626177728143762,"endHours":8.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.626177728143762,"endHours":9.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.626177728143762,"endHours":10.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.626177728143762,"endHours":11.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.626177728143762,"endHours":12.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.626177728143762,"endHours":13.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.626177728143762,"endHours":14.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.626177728143762,"endHours":15.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.626177728143762,"endHours":16.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.626177728143762,"endHours":17.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.626177728143762,"endHours":18.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.626177728143762,"endHours":19.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.626177728143762,"endHours":20.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.626177728143762,"endHours":21.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.626177728143762,"endHours":22.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.626177728143762,"endHours":23.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.626177728143762,"endHours":24.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.626177728143762,"endHours":25.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.626177728143762,"endHours":26.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.626177728143762,"endHours":27.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.626177728143762,"endHours":28.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.626177728143762,"endHours":29.626177728143762,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":20.066021396555758,"eotMinutes":-6.177651132450234,"ayanamsa":-10.266}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-386,"saka_samvat":-521,"bengali_samvat":-1036,"malayalam_era":-1267,"nanakshahi_year":-1912,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram -386 undefined · Śaka -521 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pradoṣa Vrata is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"mathura"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 25, 444 BCE · Mathurā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 25, 444 BCE for Mathurā: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:38, sūryāsta 19:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0443-07-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0443-07-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0443-07-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0443-07-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mathura/-0443-07-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T12:19:04.803Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T12:19:04.803Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-12T12:19:04.803Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}