{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:madurai:2011-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2011-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2011-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2011 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455577.770833,"kali_year":5112,"ahargana":1867112.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.3999,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":42.7831,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":131.3832,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3832},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":42.7831,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.7831},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":314.1831},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2011,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455577.770833,"ahargana":1867112.2708,"kali_year":5112,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0072,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.53292899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":42.18262900000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.154},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":275.92612899999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":248.87672900000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":334.87412900000004,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":224.62082899999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":172.87642900000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":251.4067,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":71.4067,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455577.770833,"kali_year":5112,"ahargana":1867112.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.3999,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":42.7831,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":131.3832,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3832},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":42.7831,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.7831},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":314.1831},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.154,"elongation":131.383},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.154,"opposition_distance":48.617}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.37,"elongation":2.307}]},"city":{"slug":"madurai","name":"Madurai, Tamil Nadu","lat":9.9252,"lon":78.1198,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"madurai","name":"Madurai, Tamil Nadu","lat":9.9252,"lon":78.1198,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:39","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":11.606668777939662,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 36 Mins 24 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 23 Mins 36 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:52","moonsetLocal":"03:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:48","end":"18:15","startHours":16.806062484090333,"endHours":18.25689608133279,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:27","end":"13:54","startHours":12.45356169236296,"endHours":13.904395289605418,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:21","end":"16:48","startHours":15.355228886847875,"endHours":16.806062484090333,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:22","end":"09:45","startHours":9.358450018245716,"endHours":9.745338977510372,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:08","end":"07:27","startHours":7.133838502473948,"endHours":7.443349669885672,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:50","startHours":12.066672733098304,"endHours":12.840450651627616,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:06","end":"05:53","startHours":5.102671466334507,"endHours":5.876449384863818,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:39","startHours":5.68300490523149,"endHours":6.6502273033931285,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:23","end":"15:10","startHours":14.388006488686237,"endHours":15.161784407215547,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.05689608133279,"endHours":18.45689608133279,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:44","startHours":18.25689608133279,"endHours":18.74050728041361,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":18.00689608133279,"endHours":19.75689608133279,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:50","startHours":24.066672733098304,"endHours":24.840450651627616,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:39","end":"08:06","startHours":6.6502273033931285,"endHours":8.101060900635586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:06","end":"09:33","startHours":8.101060900635586,"endHours":9.551894497878044,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:33","end":"11:00","startHours":9.551894497878044,"endHours":11.002728095120503,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:00","end":"12:27","startHours":11.002728095120503,"endHours":12.45356169236296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:27","end":"13:54","startHours":12.45356169236296,"endHours":13.904395289605418,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:54","end":"15:21","startHours":13.904395289605418,"endHours":15.355228886847875,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:21","end":"16:48","startHours":15.355228886847875,"endHours":16.806062484090333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:48","end":"18:15","startHours":16.806062484090333,"endHours":18.25689608133279,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:15","end":"19:48","startHours":18.25689608133279,"endHours":19.806062484090333,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:48","end":"21:21","startHours":19.806062484090333,"endHours":21.355228886847875,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:21","end":"22:54","startHours":21.355228886847875,"endHours":22.904395289605418,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:54","end":"00:27","startHours":22.904395289605418,"endHours":24.45356169236296,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:27","end":"02:00","startHours":24.45356169236296,"endHours":26.002728095120503,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:00","end":"03:33","startHours":26.002728095120503,"endHours":27.551894497878045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:33","end":"05:06","startHours":27.551894497878045,"endHours":29.101060900635588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:06","end":"06:39","startHours":29.101060900635588,"endHours":30.65022730339313,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:39","end":"07:39","startHours":6.6502273033931285,"endHours":7.6502273033931285,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:39","end":"08:39","startHours":7.6502273033931285,"endHours":8.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:39","end":"09:39","startHours":8.650227303393129,"endHours":9.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:39","end":"10:39","startHours":9.650227303393129,"endHours":10.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:39","end":"11:39","startHours":10.650227303393129,"endHours":11.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:39","end":"12:39","startHours":11.650227303393129,"endHours":12.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:39","end":"13:39","startHours":12.650227303393129,"endHours":13.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:39","end":"14:39","startHours":13.650227303393129,"endHours":14.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:39","end":"15:39","startHours":14.650227303393129,"endHours":15.650227303393129,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:39","end":"16:39","startHours":15.650227303393129,"endHours":16.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:39","end":"17:39","startHours":16.65022730339313,"endHours":17.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:39","end":"18:39","startHours":17.65022730339313,"endHours":18.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:39","end":"19:39","startHours":18.65022730339313,"endHours":19.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:39","end":"20:39","startHours":19.65022730339313,"endHours":20.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:39","end":"21:39","startHours":20.65022730339313,"endHours":21.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:39","end":"22:39","startHours":21.65022730339313,"endHours":22.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:39","end":"23:39","startHours":22.65022730339313,"endHours":23.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:39","end":"00:39","startHours":23.65022730339313,"endHours":24.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:39","end":"01:39","startHours":24.65022730339313,"endHours":25.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:39","end":"02:39","startHours":25.65022730339313,"endHours":26.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:39","end":"03:39","startHours":26.65022730339313,"endHours":27.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:39","end":"04:39","startHours":27.65022730339313,"endHours":28.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:39","end":"05:39","startHours":28.65022730339313,"endHours":29.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:39","end":"06:39","startHours":29.65022730339313,"endHours":30.65022730339313,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.030658728538928,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.0072}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2068,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhi","saka_samvat":1933,"saka_samvatsara":"Khara","bengali_samvat":1418,"malayalam_era":1187,"nanakshahi_year":542,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2068 Krodhi · Śaka 1933 Khara"},"festivals":[{"id":"putrada-ekadashi","name":"Pauṣa Putradā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पौष पुत्रदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Ekādaśī granting putra-prāpti.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Pauṣa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pauṣa Putradā Ekādaśī · Ekādaśī is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"madurai"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2011 CE · Madurai, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2011 CE for Madurai, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:39, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2011-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2011-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2011-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2011-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2011-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T13:41:56.768Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T13:41:56.768Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-23T13:41:56.768Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}