{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:madurai:2001-01-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2001-01-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-08","date_display":"January 8, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451917.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863452.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.7848,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.9997,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.2149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2149},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":58.9997,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6664},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.7846},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451917.770833,"ahargana":1863452.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8673,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.957768,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.55536799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9944},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":195.137068,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":272.00016800000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.80116800000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":310.76496799999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.36536799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.3311,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.3311,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451917.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863452.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.7848,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.9997,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.2149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2149},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":58.9997,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6664},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.7846},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.994,"elongation":155.215},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.994,"opposition_distance":24.785}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":2,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"madurai","name":"Madurai, Tamil Nadu","lat":9.9252,"lon":78.1198,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"madurai","name":"Madurai, Tamil Nadu","lat":9.9252,"lon":78.1198,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:37","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":11.574734087530665,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 34 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 25 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:23","moonsetLocal":"05:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:04","end":"09:31","startHours":8.063183944398125,"endHours":9.510025705339459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:57","end":"12:24","startHours":10.95686746628079,"endHours":12.403709227222123,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:51","end":"15:18","startHours":13.850550988163457,"endHours":15.297392749104791,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:19","end":"09:42","startHours":9.31711347054728,"endHours":9.702937940131635,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:24","startHours":7.0986227704372356,"endHours":7.40728234610472,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:47","startHours":12.017884757637768,"endHours":12.789533696806478,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:04","end":"05:51","startHours":5.073044305119369,"endHours":5.844693244288081,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:39","end":"06:37","startHours":5.6517810094959025,"endHours":6.6163421834567915,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:06","startHours":14.332831575143903,"endHours":15.104480514312614,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.991076270987456,"endHours":18.391076270987455,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:40","startHours":18.191076270987455,"endHours":18.6733568579679,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.941076270987455,"endHours":19.691076270987455,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:47","startHours":24.017884757637766,"endHours":24.78953369680648,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:37","end":"08:04","startHours":6.6163421834567915,"endHours":8.063183944398125,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:04","end":"09:31","startHours":8.063183944398125,"endHours":9.510025705339459,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:31","end":"10:57","startHours":9.510025705339459,"endHours":10.95686746628079,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:57","end":"12:24","startHours":10.95686746628079,"endHours":12.403709227222123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:24","end":"13:51","startHours":12.403709227222123,"endHours":13.850550988163457,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:51","end":"15:18","startHours":13.850550988163457,"endHours":15.297392749104791,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:18","end":"16:45","startHours":15.297392749104791,"endHours":16.744234510046123,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:45","end":"18:11","startHours":16.744234510046123,"endHours":18.191076270987455,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:11","end":"19:45","startHours":18.191076270987455,"endHours":19.744234510046123,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:45","end":"21:18","startHours":19.744234510046123,"endHours":21.297392749104787,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:18","end":"22:51","startHours":21.297392749104787,"endHours":22.850550988163455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:51","end":"00:24","startHours":22.850550988163455,"endHours":24.403709227222123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:24","end":"01:57","startHours":24.403709227222123,"endHours":25.95686746628079,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:57","end":"03:31","startHours":25.95686746628079,"endHours":27.51002570533946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:31","end":"05:04","startHours":27.51002570533946,"endHours":29.063183944398123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:04","end":"06:37","startHours":29.063183944398123,"endHours":30.61634218345679,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:37","end":"07:37","startHours":6.6163421834567915,"endHours":7.6163421834567915,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:37","end":"08:37","startHours":7.6163421834567915,"endHours":8.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:37","end":"09:37","startHours":8.61634218345679,"endHours":9.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:37","end":"10:37","startHours":9.61634218345679,"endHours":10.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:37","end":"11:37","startHours":10.61634218345679,"endHours":11.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:37","end":"12:37","startHours":11.61634218345679,"endHours":12.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:37","end":"13:37","startHours":12.61634218345679,"endHours":13.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:37","end":"14:37","startHours":13.61634218345679,"endHours":14.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:37","end":"15:37","startHours":14.61634218345679,"endHours":15.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:37","end":"16:37","startHours":15.61634218345679,"endHours":16.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:37","end":"17:37","startHours":16.61634218345679,"endHours":17.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:37","end":"18:37","startHours":17.61634218345679,"endHours":18.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:37","end":"19:37","startHours":18.61634218345679,"endHours":19.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:37","end":"20:37","startHours":19.61634218345679,"endHours":20.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:37","end":"21:37","startHours":20.61634218345679,"endHours":21.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:37","end":"22:37","startHours":21.61634218345679,"endHours":22.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:37","end":"23:37","startHours":22.61634218345679,"endHours":23.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:37","end":"00:37","startHours":23.61634218345679,"endHours":24.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:37","end":"01:37","startHours":24.61634218345679,"endHours":25.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:37","end":"02:37","startHours":25.61634218345679,"endHours":26.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:37","end":"03:37","startHours":26.61634218345679,"endHours":27.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:37","end":"04:37","startHours":27.61634218345679,"endHours":28.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:37","end":"05:37","startHours":28.61634218345679,"endHours":29.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:37","end":"06:37","startHours":29.61634218345679,"endHours":30.61634218345679,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.249437740108537,"eotMinutes":-6.7017536333273355,"ayanamsa":23.8673}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pradoṣa Vrata is not live yet; Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"madurai"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 8, 2001 CE · Madurai, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 8, 2001 CE for Madurai, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:37, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2001-01-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2001-01-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2001-01-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2001-01-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/madurai/2001-01-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T17:25:53.340Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T17:25:53.340Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-23T17:25:53.340Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}