{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:lumbini:2016-08-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2016-08-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-08-19","date_display":"August 19, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457619.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869154.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":121.7429,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.7451,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":187.0022,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0022},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":308.7451,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0784},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":70.4879},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457619.770833,"ahargana":1869154.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0853,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.416109,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":310.660209,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.1231},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":222.901609,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":149.49050899999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":150.867209,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":142.15610900000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.52780900000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":143.2117,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":323.2117,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457619.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869154.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":121.7429,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.7451,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":187.0022,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0022},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":308.7451,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0784},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":70.4879},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.123,"elongation":172.998},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.123,"opposition_distance":7.002}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":13,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371}]},"city":{"slug":"lumbini","name":"Lumbinī","lat":27.4924,"lon":83.275,"tz_offset_hours":5.75,"state":"Lumbini","country":"NP","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"lumbini","name":"Lumbinī","lat":27.4924,"lon":83.275,"tz_offset_hours":5.75,"state":"Lumbini","country":"NP","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:44","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":13.025924056793265,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 01 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 58 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:06","moonsetLocal":"06:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:37","end":"12:15","startHours":10.624983969672968,"endHours":12.253224476772125,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:31","end":"17:08","startHours":15.509705490970443,"endHours":17.1379459980696,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:22","end":"09:00","startHours":7.368502955474652,"endHours":8.99674346257381,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:13","startHours":8.779644728293922,"endHours":9.213842196853697,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:17","end":"06:38","startHours":6.283009284075213,"endHours":6.630367258923034,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:41","startHours":11.81902700821235,"endHours":12.6874219453319,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:00","end":"04:52","startHours":4.003472574136392,"endHours":4.871867511255942,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:39","end":"05:44","startHours":4.654768776976055,"endHours":5.740262448375494,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:18","startHours":14.424211819571003,"endHours":15.292606756690553,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.56618650516876,"endHours":18.966186505168757,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:19","startHours":18.766186505168758,"endHours":19.308933340868478,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.516186505168758,"endHours":20.266186505168758,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:41","startHours":23.81902700821235,"endHours":24.687421945331902,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:44","end":"07:22","startHours":5.740262448375494,"endHours":7.368502955474652,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:22","end":"09:00","startHours":7.368502955474652,"endHours":8.99674346257381,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:00","end":"10:37","startHours":8.99674346257381,"endHours":10.624983969672968,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:37","end":"12:15","startHours":10.624983969672968,"endHours":12.253224476772125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:15","end":"13:53","startHours":12.253224476772125,"endHours":13.881464983871282,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:53","end":"15:31","startHours":13.881464983871282,"endHours":15.509705490970443,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:31","end":"17:08","startHours":15.509705490970443,"endHours":17.1379459980696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:08","end":"18:46","startHours":17.1379459980696,"endHours":18.766186505168758,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:46","end":"20:08","startHours":18.766186505168758,"endHours":20.1379459980696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:08","end":"21:31","startHours":20.1379459980696,"endHours":21.50970549097044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:31","end":"22:53","startHours":21.50970549097044,"endHours":22.881464983871282,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:53","end":"00:15","startHours":22.881464983871282,"endHours":24.253224476772125,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:15","end":"01:37","startHours":24.253224476772125,"endHours":25.624983969672968,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:37","end":"03:00","startHours":25.624983969672968,"endHours":26.99674346257381,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:00","end":"04:22","startHours":26.99674346257381,"endHours":28.36850295547465,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:22","end":"05:44","startHours":28.36850295547465,"endHours":29.740262448375493,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":5.740262448375494,"endHours":6.740262448375494,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.740262448375494,"endHours":7.740262448375494,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.740262448375494,"endHours":8.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.740262448375493,"endHours":9.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.740262448375493,"endHours":10.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.740262448375493,"endHours":11.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.740262448375493,"endHours":12.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.740262448375493,"endHours":13.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.740262448375493,"endHours":14.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.740262448375493,"endHours":15.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.740262448375493,"endHours":16.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.740262448375493,"endHours":17.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.740262448375493,"endHours":18.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.740262448375493,"endHours":19.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.740262448375493,"endHours":20.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.740262448375493,"endHours":21.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.740262448375493,"endHours":22.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.740262448375493,"endHours":23.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.740262448375493,"endHours":24.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.740262448375493,"endHours":25.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.740262448375493,"endHours":26.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.740262448375493,"endHours":27.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.740262448375493,"endHours":28.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.740262448375493,"endHours":29.740262448375493,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":12.680554051648562,"eotMinutes":-3.2934686063275223,"ayanamsa":24.0853}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"pitra-paksha-start","name":"Pitṛ-Pakṣa Start","name_sanskrit":"पितृ पक्ष आरम्भ","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Pitṛ-gaṇa","significance":"Begin 16-day śrāddha period for ancestors. Bhādrapada Pūrṇimā next-day.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":16,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pitṛ-Pakṣa Start is not live yet; Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"lumbini"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 19, 2016 CE · Lumbinī · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 19, 2016 CE for Lumbinī: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:44, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2016-08-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2016-08-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2016-08-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2016-08-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2016-08-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T14:09:06.540Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T14:09:06.540Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-23T14:09:06.540Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}