{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:lumbini:2002-05-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2002-05-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-05-28","date_display":"May 28, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452422.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1863957.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":42.574,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.8641,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":201.2901,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2901},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.8641,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8641},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":286.4382},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452422.770833,"ahargana":1863957.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8866,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":42.677572999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":242.84147299999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.4145},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":65.81777299999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":41.543273,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":81.80947300000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":75.04117300000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":52.892173000000014,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":58.5738,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":238.5738,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452422.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1863957.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":42.574,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.8641,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":201.2901,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2901},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.8641,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8641},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":286.4382},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.414,"elongation":158.71},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.414,"opposition_distance":21.29}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":14,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.149,"elongation":0.05}]},"city":{"slug":"lumbini","name":"Lumbinī","lat":27.4924,"lon":83.275,"tz_offset_hours":5.75,"state":"Lumbini","country":"NP","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"lumbini","name":"Lumbinī","lat":27.4924,"lon":83.275,"tz_offset_hours":5.75,"state":"Lumbini","country":"NP","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:18","sunsetLocal":"19:00","solarNoonLocal":"12:09","dayLengthHours":13.70686504206162,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 42 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 17 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:19","moonsetLocal":"06:41","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:35","end":"17:17","startHours":15.576852701677957,"endHours":17.29021083193566,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:43","end":"10:26","startHours":8.723420180647148,"endHours":10.436778310904849,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:09","end":"13:52","startHours":12.150136441162552,"endHours":13.863494571420254,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:30","end":"08:57","startHours":8.49497242994612,"endHours":8.951867931348175,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:52","end":"06:14","startHours":5.86782329688431,"endHours":6.233339698005953,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:42","end":"12:36","startHours":11.693240939760498,"endHours":12.607031942564605,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:28","end":"04:23","startHours":3.469121914523526,"endHours":4.382912917327634,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:09","end":"05:18","startHours":4.154465166626608,"endHours":5.296703920131742,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:21","startHours":14.434613948172823,"endHours":15.348404950976931,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:48","end":"19:12","startHours":18.803568962193363,"endHours":19.203568962193362,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:00","end":"19:34","startHours":19.003568962193363,"endHours":19.57468833894593,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:45","end":"20:30","startHours":18.753568962193363,"endHours":20.503568962193363,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:42","end":"00:36","startHours":23.693240939760496,"endHours":24.607031942564607,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:18","end":"07:01","startHours":5.296703920131742,"endHours":7.010062050389445,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:01","end":"08:43","startHours":7.010062050389445,"endHours":8.723420180647148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:43","end":"10:26","startHours":8.723420180647148,"endHours":10.436778310904849,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:26","end":"12:09","startHours":10.436778310904849,"endHours":12.150136441162552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:09","end":"13:52","startHours":12.150136441162552,"endHours":13.863494571420254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:52","end":"15:35","startHours":13.863494571420254,"endHours":15.576852701677957,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:35","end":"17:17","startHours":15.576852701677957,"endHours":17.29021083193566,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:17","end":"19:00","startHours":17.29021083193566,"endHours":19.003568962193363,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:17","startHours":19.003568962193363,"endHours":20.29021083193566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:17","end":"21:35","startHours":20.29021083193566,"endHours":21.576852701677957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:35","end":"22:52","startHours":21.576852701677957,"endHours":22.863494571420254,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:52","end":"00:09","startHours":22.863494571420254,"endHours":24.15013644116255,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:09","end":"01:26","startHours":24.15013644116255,"endHours":25.43677831090485,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:26","end":"02:43","startHours":25.43677831090485,"endHours":26.723420180647146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:43","end":"04:01","startHours":26.723420180647146,"endHours":28.010062050389443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:01","end":"05:18","startHours":28.010062050389443,"endHours":29.29670392013174,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":5.296703920131742,"endHours":6.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.296703920131742,"endHours":7.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.296703920131742,"endHours":8.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.296703920131742,"endHours":9.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.296703920131742,"endHours":10.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.296703920131742,"endHours":11.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.296703920131742,"endHours":12.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.296703920131742,"endHours":13.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.296703920131742,"endHours":14.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.296703920131742,"endHours":15.296703920131742,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.296703920131742,"endHours":16.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.29670392013174,"endHours":17.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.29670392013174,"endHours":18.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.29670392013174,"endHours":19.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.29670392013174,"endHours":20.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.29670392013174,"endHours":21.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.29670392013174,"endHours":22.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.29670392013174,"endHours":23.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.29670392013174,"endHours":24.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.29670392013174,"endHours":25.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.29670392013174,"endHours":26.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.29670392013174,"endHours":27.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.29670392013174,"endHours":28.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.29670392013174,"endHours":29.29670392013174,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.402780271345488,"eotMinutes":2.8918135302468597,"ayanamsa":23.8866}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"lumbini"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 28, 2002 CE · Lumbinī · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 28, 2002 CE for Lumbinī: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:18, sūryāsta 19:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2002-05-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2002-05-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2002-05-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2002-05-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lumbini/2002-05-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T08:48:06.689Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T08:48:06.689Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-23T08:48:06.689Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}