{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:lucknow:2024-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2024-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460519.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872054.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.706,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.7744,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":267.0684,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.0684},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":7.7744,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7744},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.4805},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460519.770833,"ahargana":1872054.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1963,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.27770800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":10.187108000000023,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.4056},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":40.396208,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":126.99480800000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":49.493607999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":115.575808,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":324.66550800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.5558,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.5558,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460519.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872054.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.706,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.7744,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":267.0684,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.0684},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":7.7744,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7744},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.4805},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.406,"elongation":92.932},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.406,"opposition_distance":87.068}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:28","sunsetLocal":"18:56","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":13.464359782226246,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 27 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 32 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:39","moonsetLocal":"12:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:56","startHours":17.255560796274864,"endHours":18.938605769053144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:12","end":"13:53","startHours":12.20642587794002,"endHours":13.8894708507183,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:34","end":"17:15","startHours":15.572515823496582,"endHours":17.255560796274864,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:37","end":"09:04","startHours":8.615929936013021,"endHours":9.064741928753897,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:24","startHours":6.035260977752991,"endHours":6.394310571945691,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:45","end":"12:39","startHours":11.757613885199145,"endHours":12.655237870680896,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:41","end":"04:35","startHours":3.6789980158633977,"endHours":4.5766220013451475,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:21","end":"05:28","startHours":4.352216004974711,"endHours":5.474245986826897,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:21","startHours":14.450485841644394,"endHours":15.348109827126143,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:44","end":"19:08","startHours":18.738605769053144,"endHours":19.138605769053143,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:56","end":"19:30","startHours":18.938605769053144,"endHours":19.499620759979237,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:41","end":"20:26","startHours":18.688605769053144,"endHours":20.438605769053144,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:45","end":"00:39","startHours":23.757613885199145,"endHours":24.655237870680896,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:28","end":"07:09","startHours":5.474245986826897,"endHours":7.157290959605178,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:09","end":"08:50","startHours":7.157290959605178,"endHours":8.840335932383459,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:50","end":"10:31","startHours":8.840335932383459,"endHours":10.52338090516174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:31","end":"12:12","startHours":10.52338090516174,"endHours":12.20642587794002,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:12","end":"13:53","startHours":12.20642587794002,"endHours":13.8894708507183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:53","end":"15:34","startHours":13.8894708507183,"endHours":15.572515823496582,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:34","end":"17:15","startHours":15.572515823496582,"endHours":17.255560796274864,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:15","end":"18:56","startHours":17.255560796274864,"endHours":18.938605769053144,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:56","end":"20:15","startHours":18.938605769053144,"endHours":20.255560796274864,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:15","end":"21:34","startHours":20.255560796274864,"endHours":21.57251582349658,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:34","end":"22:53","startHours":21.57251582349658,"endHours":22.8894708507183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:53","end":"00:12","startHours":22.8894708507183,"endHours":24.20642587794002,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:12","end":"01:31","startHours":24.20642587794002,"endHours":25.52338090516174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:31","end":"02:50","startHours":25.52338090516174,"endHours":26.84033593238346,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:50","end":"04:09","startHours":26.84033593238346,"endHours":28.157290959605177,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:09","end":"05:28","startHours":28.157290959605177,"endHours":29.474245986826897,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":5.474245986826897,"endHours":6.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.474245986826897,"endHours":7.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.474245986826897,"endHours":8.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.474245986826897,"endHours":9.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.474245986826897,"endHours":10.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.474245986826897,"endHours":11.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.474245986826897,"endHours":12.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.474245986826897,"endHours":13.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.474245986826897,"endHours":14.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.474245986826897,"endHours":15.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.474245986826897,"endHours":16.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.474245986826897,"endHours":17.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.474245986826897,"endHours":18.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.474245986826897,"endHours":19.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.474245986826897,"endHours":20.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.474245986826897,"endHours":21.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.474245986826897,"endHours":22.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.474245986826897,"endHours":23.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.474245986826897,"endHours":24.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.474245986826897,"endHours":25.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.474245986826897,"endHours":26.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.474245986826897,"endHours":27.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.474245986826897,"endHours":28.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.474245986826897,"endHours":29.474245986826897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.899242587655163,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.1963}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"lucknow"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2024 CE · Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2024 CE for Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:28, sūryāsta 18:56.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2024-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2024-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2024-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2024-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2024-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:11:54.748Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:11:54.748Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:11:54.748Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}