{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:lucknow:2023-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2023-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460306.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871841.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.4983,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.5571,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.0588,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.0588},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2,"moon_longitude":85.5571,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5571},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":337.0553},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460306.770833,"ahargana":1871841.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1881,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.83104600000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":83.659446,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4808},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":239.91564599999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":239.73524599999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":11.424945999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":213.28684599999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":308.80964599999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":0.8415,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":180.8415,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460306.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871841.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.4983,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.5571,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.0588,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.0588},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2,"moon_longitude":85.5571,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5571},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":337.0553},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.481,"elongation":165.941},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.481,"opposition_distance":14.059}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:54","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:08","dayLengthHours":10.45985220399962,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 27 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 32 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:05","moonsetLocal":"07:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:27","end":"14:45","startHours":13.442519933238074,"endHours":14.750001458738028,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:54","end":"08:13","startHours":6.905112305738313,"endHours":8.212593831238266,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:31","end":"10:50","startHours":9.520075356738218,"endHours":10.82755688223817,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:42","startHours":9.345744486671558,"endHours":9.694406226804878,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:20","end":"07:37","startHours":7.3409394809049635,"endHours":7.61986887301162,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:29","startHours":11.786376667604804,"endHours":12.483700147871444,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:31","end":"06:12","startHours":5.51046534520503,"endHours":6.207788825471671,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:02","end":"06:54","startHours":6.033457955405011,"endHours":6.905112305738313,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:53","end":"14:35","startHours":13.878347108404727,"endHours":14.575670588671368,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.164964509737935,"endHours":17.564964509737933,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:48","startHours":17.364964509737934,"endHours":17.800791684904585,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.114964509737934,"endHours":18.864964509737934,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:29","startHours":23.786376667604802,"endHours":24.483700147871442,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:54","end":"08:13","startHours":6.905112305738313,"endHours":8.212593831238266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:13","end":"09:31","startHours":8.212593831238266,"endHours":9.520075356738218,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:31","end":"10:50","startHours":9.520075356738218,"endHours":10.82755688223817,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:50","end":"12:08","startHours":10.82755688223817,"endHours":12.135038407738122,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:08","end":"13:27","startHours":12.135038407738122,"endHours":13.442519933238074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:27","end":"14:45","startHours":13.442519933238074,"endHours":14.750001458738028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:45","end":"16:03","startHours":14.750001458738028,"endHours":16.057482984237982,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:03","end":"17:22","startHours":16.057482984237982,"endHours":17.364964509737934,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:22","end":"19:03","startHours":17.364964509737934,"endHours":19.057482984237982,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:03","end":"20:45","startHours":19.057482984237982,"endHours":20.75000145873803,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:45","end":"22:27","startHours":20.75000145873803,"endHours":22.442519933238074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:27","end":"00:08","startHours":22.442519933238074,"endHours":24.135038407738122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:08","end":"01:50","startHours":24.135038407738122,"endHours":25.82755688223817,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:50","end":"03:31","startHours":25.82755688223817,"endHours":27.520075356738218,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:31","end":"05:13","startHours":27.520075356738218,"endHours":29.212593831238266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:13","end":"06:54","startHours":29.212593831238266,"endHours":30.905112305738314,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:54","end":"07:54","startHours":6.905112305738313,"endHours":7.905112305738313,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:54","end":"08:54","startHours":7.905112305738313,"endHours":8.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:54","end":"09:54","startHours":8.905112305738314,"endHours":9.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:54","end":"10:54","startHours":9.905112305738314,"endHours":10.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:54","end":"11:54","startHours":10.905112305738314,"endHours":11.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:54","end":"12:54","startHours":11.905112305738314,"endHours":12.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:54","end":"13:54","startHours":12.905112305738314,"endHours":13.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:54","end":"14:54","startHours":13.905112305738314,"endHours":14.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:54","end":"15:54","startHours":14.905112305738314,"endHours":15.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:54","end":"16:54","startHours":15.905112305738314,"endHours":16.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:54","end":"17:54","startHours":16.905112305738314,"endHours":17.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:54","end":"18:54","startHours":17.905112305738314,"endHours":18.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:54","end":"19:54","startHours":18.905112305738314,"endHours":19.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:54","end":"20:54","startHours":19.905112305738314,"endHours":20.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:54","end":"21:54","startHours":20.905112305738314,"endHours":21.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:54","end":"22:54","startHours":21.905112305738314,"endHours":22.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:54","end":"23:54","startHours":22.905112305738314,"endHours":23.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:54","end":"00:54","startHours":23.905112305738314,"endHours":24.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:54","end":"01:54","startHours":24.905112305738314,"endHours":25.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:54","end":"02:54","startHours":25.905112305738314,"endHours":26.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:54","end":"03:54","startHours":26.905112305738314,"endHours":27.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:54","end":"04:54","startHours":27.905112305738314,"endHours":28.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:54","end":"05:54","startHours":28.905112305738314,"endHours":29.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:54","end":"06:54","startHours":29.905112305738314,"endHours":30.905112305738314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.29963967177332,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":24.1881}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"lucknow"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 2023 CE · Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 2023 CE for Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:54, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2023-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2023-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2023-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2023-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2023-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:26:01.247Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:26:01.247Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:26:01.247Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}