{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:lucknow:2016-01-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2016-01-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-01-20","date_display":"January 20, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457407.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868942.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.2038,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":45.4246,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":130.2208,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2208},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":45.4246,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4246},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.6284},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457407.770833,"ahargana":1868942.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0772,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.31860900000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":45.01890900000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2539},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":194.538009,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":263.043309,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":148.20900899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":241.00140899999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":228.782509,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":154.4445,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":334.4445,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457407.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868942.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.2038,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":45.4246,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":130.2208,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2208},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":45.4246,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4246},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.6284},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.254,"elongation":130.221},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.254,"opposition_distance":49.779}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:56","sunsetLocal":"17:38","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":10.697970624171354,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 41 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 18 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:06","moonsetLocal":"03:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:17","end":"13:37","startHours":12.286325055620487,"endHours":13.623571383641906,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:16","end":"09:37","startHours":8.274586071556229,"endHours":9.611832399577647,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:57","end":"12:17","startHours":10.949078727599067,"endHours":12.286325055620487,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:26","end":"09:47","startHours":9.433532889174792,"endHours":9.790131909980504,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:23","end":"07:40","startHours":7.383088519541949,"endHours":7.668367736186518,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:39","startHours":11.929726034814776,"endHours":12.6429240764262,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:31","end":"06:13","startHours":5.510943660311963,"endHours":6.224141701923386,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:03","end":"06:56","startHours":6.04584219152053,"endHours":6.937339743534809,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:04","end":"14:47","startHours":14.069320159649045,"endHours":14.78251820126047,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:26","end":"17:50","startHours":17.435310367706165,"endHours":17.835310367706164,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:38","end":"18:05","startHours":17.635310367706165,"endHours":18.081059143713304,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:23","end":"19:08","startHours":17.385310367706165,"endHours":19.135310367706165,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:39","startHours":23.929726034814777,"endHours":24.642924076426198,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:56","end":"08:16","startHours":6.937339743534809,"endHours":8.274586071556229,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:16","end":"09:37","startHours":8.274586071556229,"endHours":9.611832399577647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:37","end":"10:57","startHours":9.611832399577647,"endHours":10.949078727599067,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:57","end":"12:17","startHours":10.949078727599067,"endHours":12.286325055620487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:17","end":"13:37","startHours":12.286325055620487,"endHours":13.623571383641906,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:37","end":"14:58","startHours":13.623571383641906,"endHours":14.960817711663324,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:58","end":"16:18","startHours":14.960817711663324,"endHours":16.298064039684746,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:18","end":"17:38","startHours":16.298064039684746,"endHours":17.635310367706165,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:38","end":"19:18","startHours":17.635310367706165,"endHours":19.298064039684746,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:18","end":"20:58","startHours":19.298064039684746,"endHours":20.960817711663324,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:58","end":"22:37","startHours":20.960817711663324,"endHours":22.623571383641906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:37","end":"00:17","startHours":22.623571383641906,"endHours":24.286325055620487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:17","end":"01:57","startHours":24.286325055620487,"endHours":25.94907872759907,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:57","end":"03:37","startHours":25.94907872759907,"endHours":27.61183239957765,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:37","end":"05:16","startHours":27.61183239957765,"endHours":29.27458607155623,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:16","end":"06:56","startHours":29.27458607155623,"endHours":30.93733974353481,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.937339743534809,"endHours":7.937339743534809,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.937339743534809,"endHours":8.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.93733974353481,"endHours":9.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.93733974353481,"endHours":10.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.93733974353481,"endHours":11.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.93733974353481,"endHours":12.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.93733974353481,"endHours":13.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.93733974353481,"endHours":14.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.93733974353481,"endHours":15.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.93733974353481,"endHours":16.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.93733974353481,"endHours":17.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.93733974353481,"endHours":18.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.93733974353481,"endHours":19.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.93733974353481,"endHours":20.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.93733974353481,"endHours":21.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.93733974353481,"endHours":22.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.93733974353481,"endHours":23.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.93733974353481,"endHours":24.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.93733974353481,"endHours":25.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.93733974353481,"endHours":26.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.93733974353481,"endHours":27.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.93733974353481,"endHours":28.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.93733974353481,"endHours":29.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":29.93733974353481,"endHours":30.93733974353481,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.274872149365365,"eotMinutes":-10.9643033372293,"ayanamsa":24.0772}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jaya-ekadashi","name":"Jayā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"जया एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes pretatva (ghost-state); grants victory.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"lucknow"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 20, 2016 CE · Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 20, 2016 CE for Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:56, sūryāsta 17:38.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2016-01-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2016-01-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2016-01-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2016-01-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/2016-01-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T01:25:15.933Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T01:25:15.933Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T01:25:15.933Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}