{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:lucknow:1997-07-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/1997-07-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-07-21","date_display":"July 21, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450650.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862185.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.0513,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.6088,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.5575,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5575},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.6088,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6088},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":18.6602},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450650.770833,"ahargana":1862185.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8188,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.51437599999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":286.86857599999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3349},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":171.99587599999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":117.94867599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":295.63407600000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":123.18507599999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.391176,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":152.4629,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":332.4629,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450650.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862185.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.0513,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.6088,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.5575,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5575},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.6088,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6088},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":18.6602},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.335,"elongation":169.442},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.335,"opposition_distance":10.558}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"lucknow","name":"Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","lat":26.8467,"lon":80.9462,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:25","sunsetLocal":"19:00","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":13.589485727482877,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 35 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 24 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:36","moonsetLocal":"06:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:48","startHours":7.108359576115321,"endHours":8.807045292050681,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:30","end":"12:12","startHours":10.50573100798604,"endHours":12.204416723921401,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:54","end":"15:36","startHours":13.90310243985676,"endHours":15.601788155792118,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:35","end":"09:02","startHours":8.5805538632593,"endHours":9.033536720842061,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:59","end":"06:20","startHours":5.975902432158415,"endHours":6.338288718224625,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:45","end":"12:39","startHours":11.751433866338637,"endHours":12.657399581504162,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:36","end":"04:30","startHours":3.5977424298489113,"endHours":4.5037081450144365,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:17","end":"05:25","startHours":4.277216716223055,"endHours":5.409673860179962,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:23","startHours":14.469331011835212,"endHours":15.375296727000737,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:48","end":"19:12","startHours":18.79915958766284,"endHours":19.199159587662837,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:00","end":"19:34","startHours":18.999159587662838,"endHours":19.56538815964129,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:45","end":"20:30","startHours":18.749159587662838,"endHours":20.499159587662838,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:45","end":"00:39","startHours":23.751433866338637,"endHours":24.65739958150416,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:25","end":"07:07","startHours":5.409673860179962,"endHours":7.108359576115321,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:48","startHours":7.108359576115321,"endHours":8.807045292050681,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:48","end":"10:30","startHours":8.807045292050681,"endHours":10.50573100798604,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:30","end":"12:12","startHours":10.50573100798604,"endHours":12.204416723921401,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:12","end":"13:54","startHours":12.204416723921401,"endHours":13.90310243985676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:54","end":"15:36","startHours":13.90310243985676,"endHours":15.601788155792118,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:36","end":"17:18","startHours":15.601788155792118,"endHours":17.30047387172748,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:18","end":"19:00","startHours":17.30047387172748,"endHours":18.999159587662838,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:00","end":"20:18","startHours":18.999159587662838,"endHours":20.30047387172748,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:18","end":"21:36","startHours":20.30047387172748,"endHours":21.601788155792118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:36","end":"22:54","startHours":21.601788155792118,"endHours":22.90310243985676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:54","end":"00:12","startHours":22.90310243985676,"endHours":24.204416723921398,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:12","end":"01:30","startHours":24.204416723921398,"endHours":25.50573100798604,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:30","end":"02:48","startHours":25.50573100798604,"endHours":26.80704529205068,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:48","end":"04:07","startHours":26.80704529205068,"endHours":28.10835957611532,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:07","end":"05:25","startHours":28.10835957611532,"endHours":29.40967386017996,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":5.409673860179962,"endHours":6.409673860179962,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.409673860179962,"endHours":7.409673860179962,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.409673860179962,"endHours":8.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.40967386017996,"endHours":9.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.40967386017996,"endHours":10.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.40967386017996,"endHours":11.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.40967386017996,"endHours":12.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.40967386017996,"endHours":13.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.40967386017996,"endHours":14.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.40967386017996,"endHours":15.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.40967386017996,"endHours":16.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.40967386017996,"endHours":17.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.40967386017996,"endHours":18.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.40967386017996,"endHours":19.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.40967386017996,"endHours":20.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.40967386017996,"endHours":21.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.40967386017996,"endHours":22.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.40967386017996,"endHours":23.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.40967386017996,"endHours":24.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.40967386017996,"endHours":25.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.40967386017996,"endHours":26.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.40967386017996,"endHours":27.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.40967386017996,"endHours":28.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.40967386017996,"endHours":29.40967386017996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":20.492525434348163,"eotMinutes":-6.049803435283957,"ayanamsa":23.8188}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"lucknow"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 21, 1997 CE · Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 21, 1997 CE for Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:25, sūryāsta 19:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/1997-07-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/1997-07-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/1997-07-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/1997-07-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/lucknow/1997-07-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T03:37:39.007Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T03:37:39.007Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T03:37:39.007Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}