{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kozhikode:2003-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/2003-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452699.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864234.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.2836,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":292.7373,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":336.4537,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.4537},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":292.7373,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7373},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":249.0209},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452699.770833,"ahargana":1864234.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8972,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.13879,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":292.01909,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.196},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":243.60808999999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":299.4913899999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":105.87279000000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":274.29529,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.16689000000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":43.897,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":223.897,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452699.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864234.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.2836,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":292.7373,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":336.4537,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.4537},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":292.7373,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7373},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":249.0209},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.196,"elongation":23.546},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.196,"opposition_distance":156.454}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kozhikode","name":"Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala","lat":11.2588,"lon":75.7804,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kozhikode","name":"Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala","lat":11.2588,"lon":75.7804,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:43","sunsetLocal":"18:37","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":11.905846570798643,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 54 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 05 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:14","moonsetLocal":"16:53","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:41","end":"11:11","startHours":9.68889735991892,"endHours":11.177128181268749,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:09","end":"15:39","startHours":14.15358982396841,"endHours":15.64182064531824,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:43","end":"08:12","startHours":6.712435717219259,"endHours":8.20066653856909,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:53","startHours":9.490466583738943,"endHours":9.887328136098898,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:13","end":"07:32","startHours":7.2085126576692025,"endHours":7.5260018995571665,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:04","startHours":12.268497450258625,"endHours":13.062220554978534,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:07","end":"05:55","startHours":5.12498950777944,"endHours":5.91871261249935,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":5.720281836319373,"endHours":6.712435717219259,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:27","startHours":14.649666764418354,"endHours":15.443389869138263,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:25","end":"18:49","startHours":18.418282288017902,"endHours":18.8182822880179,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:37","end":"19:07","startHours":18.6182822880179,"endHours":19.114359228467844,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:22","end":"20:07","startHours":18.3682822880179,"endHours":20.1182822880179,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:04","startHours":24.268497450258625,"endHours":25.062220554978534,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:43","end":"08:12","startHours":6.712435717219259,"endHours":8.20066653856909,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:12","end":"09:41","startHours":8.20066653856909,"endHours":9.68889735991892,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:41","end":"11:11","startHours":9.68889735991892,"endHours":11.177128181268749,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:11","end":"12:40","startHours":11.177128181268749,"endHours":12.66535900261858,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:40","end":"14:09","startHours":12.66535900261858,"endHours":14.15358982396841,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:09","end":"15:39","startHours":14.15358982396841,"endHours":15.64182064531824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:39","end":"17:08","startHours":15.64182064531824,"endHours":17.13005146666807,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:08","end":"18:37","startHours":17.13005146666807,"endHours":18.6182822880179,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:37","end":"20:08","startHours":18.6182822880179,"endHours":20.13005146666807,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:08","end":"21:39","startHours":20.13005146666807,"endHours":21.64182064531824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:39","end":"23:09","startHours":21.64182064531824,"endHours":23.15358982396841,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:09","end":"00:40","startHours":23.15358982396841,"endHours":24.66535900261858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:40","end":"02:11","startHours":24.66535900261858,"endHours":26.17712818126875,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:11","end":"03:41","startHours":26.17712818126875,"endHours":27.68889735991892,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:41","end":"05:12","startHours":27.68889735991892,"endHours":29.200666538569088,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:12","end":"06:43","startHours":29.200666538569088,"endHours":30.712435717219257,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.712435717219259,"endHours":7.712435717219259,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.712435717219259,"endHours":8.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.71243571721926,"endHours":9.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.71243571721926,"endHours":10.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.71243571721926,"endHours":11.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.71243571721926,"endHours":12.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.71243571721926,"endHours":13.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.71243571721926,"endHours":14.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.71243571721926,"endHours":15.71243571721926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.71243571721926,"endHours":16.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.712435717219257,"endHours":17.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.712435717219257,"endHours":18.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.712435717219257,"endHours":19.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.712435717219257,"endHours":20.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.712435717219257,"endHours":21.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.712435717219257,"endHours":22.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.712435717219257,"endHours":23.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.712435717219257,"endHours":24.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.712435717219257,"endHours":25.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.712435717219257,"endHours":26.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.712435717219257,"endHours":27.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.712435717219257,"endHours":28.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.712435717219257,"endHours":29.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":29.712435717219257,"endHours":30.712435717219257,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.8047506944806315,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.8972}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"maha-shivaratri","name":"Mahā Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"महा शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"The greatest night of Lord Śiva; cosmic dance of dissolution.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Strict fast + night-long vigil + 4-yāma pūjā","detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":1},{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"maha-shivaratri-walk","name":"Mahā Śivarātri Walk","name_sanskrit":"महा शिवरात्रि यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Śiva-stuti through Bhāgavata + Mahābhārata Anuśāsana.","step_count":12,"url":"/walk/maha-shivaratri-walk"},"reason":"Today is Mahā Śivarātri — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kozhikode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2003 CE · Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2003 CE for Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:43, sūryāsta 18:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/2003-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/2003-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/2003-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/2003-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/2003-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T15:20:56.598Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T15:20:56.598Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T15:20:56.598Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}