{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kozhikode:1997-09-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/1997-09-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-09-23","date_display":"September 23, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450714.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862249.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":155.5024,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.371,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.8686,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8686},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":56.371,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0376},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":211.8734},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450714.770833,"ahargana":1862249.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8212,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":156.23713099999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.93883099999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.495},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.12233100000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":140.42763100000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":288.654131,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":198.89673100000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":354.347831,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":149.0719,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":329.0719,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450714.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862249.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":155.5024,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.371,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.8686,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8686},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":56.371,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0376},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":211.8734},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.495,"elongation":99.131},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.495,"opposition_distance":80.869}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kozhikode","name":"Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala","lat":11.2588,"lon":75.7804,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kozhikode","name":"Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala","lat":11.2588,"lon":75.7804,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:15","sunsetLocal":"18:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:18","dayLengthHours":12.11263035286915,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 06 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 53 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:31","moonsetLocal":"12:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:20","end":"16:51","startHours":15.335530354887869,"endHours":16.849609148996514,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:17","end":"10:48","startHours":9.279215178453292,"endHours":10.793293972561937,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:18","end":"13:49","startHours":12.30737276667058,"endHours":13.821451560779224,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:29","startHours":9.077338005905474,"endHours":9.481092351001113,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:05","startHours":6.755750521605553,"endHours":7.078753997682064,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:43","startHours":11.903618421574942,"endHours":12.711127111766219,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:38","end":"05:27","startHours":4.636040209853451,"endHours":5.443548900044728,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":5.241671727496909,"endHours":6.251057590236005,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:08","startHours":14.326144492148773,"endHours":15.13365318234005,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:10","end":"18:34","startHours":18.163687943105156,"endHours":18.563687943105155,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:22","end":"18:52","startHours":18.363687943105155,"endHours":18.868380874474703,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:07","end":"19:52","startHours":18.113687943105155,"endHours":19.863687943105155,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:43","startHours":23.903618421574944,"endHours":24.71112711176622,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:15","end":"07:46","startHours":6.251057590236005,"endHours":7.765136384344649,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:46","end":"09:17","startHours":7.765136384344649,"endHours":9.279215178453292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:17","end":"10:48","startHours":9.279215178453292,"endHours":10.793293972561937,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:48","end":"12:18","startHours":10.793293972561937,"endHours":12.30737276667058,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:18","end":"13:49","startHours":12.30737276667058,"endHours":13.821451560779224,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:49","end":"15:20","startHours":13.821451560779224,"endHours":15.335530354887869,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:20","end":"16:51","startHours":15.335530354887869,"endHours":16.849609148996514,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:51","end":"18:22","startHours":16.849609148996514,"endHours":18.363687943105155,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:22","end":"19:51","startHours":18.363687943105155,"endHours":19.84960914899651,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:51","end":"21:20","startHours":19.84960914899651,"endHours":21.33553035488787,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:20","end":"22:49","startHours":21.33553035488787,"endHours":22.821451560779224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:49","end":"00:18","startHours":22.821451560779224,"endHours":24.307372766670582,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:18","end":"01:48","startHours":24.307372766670582,"endHours":25.793293972561937,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:48","end":"03:17","startHours":25.793293972561937,"endHours":27.279215178453292,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:17","end":"04:46","startHours":27.279215178453292,"endHours":28.76513638434465,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:46","end":"06:15","startHours":28.76513638434465,"endHours":30.251057590236005,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":6.251057590236005,"endHours":7.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.251057590236005,"endHours":8.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.251057590236005,"endHours":9.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.251057590236005,"endHours":10.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.251057590236005,"endHours":11.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.251057590236005,"endHours":12.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.251057590236005,"endHours":13.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.251057590236005,"endHours":14.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.251057590236005,"endHours":15.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.251057590236005,"endHours":16.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.251057590236005,"endHours":17.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.251057590236005,"endHours":18.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.251057590236005,"endHours":19.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.251057590236005,"endHours":20.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.251057590236005,"endHours":21.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.251057590236005,"endHours":22.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.251057590236005,"endHours":23.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.251057590236005,"endHours":24.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.251057590236005,"endHours":25.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.251057590236005,"endHours":26.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.251057590236005,"endHours":27.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.251057590236005,"endHours":28.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.251057590236005,"endHours":29.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.251057590236005,"endHours":30.251057590236005,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.023200128818602214,"eotMinutes":8.436033999765183,"ayanamsa":23.8212}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kozhikode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 23, 1997 CE · Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 23, 1997 CE for Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:15, sūryāsta 18:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/1997-09-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/1997-09-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/1997-09-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/1997-09-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kozhikode/1997-09-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:39:41.486Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:39:41.486Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T08:39:41.486Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}