{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kota:2016-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kota/2016-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457415.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868950.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4021,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":151.3328,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":227.9307,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9307},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":151.3328,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6661},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":74.7349},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457415.770833,"ahargana":1868950.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0775,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.45530400000007,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":148.942904,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.2108},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":198.65970400000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":260.79870400000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":147.808404,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":250.83930399999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":229.49990400000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":154.0206,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":334.0206,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457415.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868950.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4021,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":151.3328,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":227.9307,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9307},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":151.3328,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6661},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":74.7349},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.211,"elongation":132.069},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.211,"opposition_distance":47.931}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kota","name":"Kota, Rajasthan","lat":25.2138,"lon":75.8648,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kota","name":"Kota, Rajasthan","lat":25.2138,"lon":75.8648,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:12","sunsetLocal":"18:07","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":10.930308488761007,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 55 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 04 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:34","moonsetLocal":"09:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:01","end":"15:23","startHours":14.024879095009556,"endHours":15.391167656104681,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:12","end":"08:34","startHours":7.193436289533927,"endHours":8.559724850629053,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:56","end":"11:18","startHours":9.926013411724178,"endHours":11.292301972819304,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:45","end":"10:06","startHours":9.743841603578161,"endHours":10.108185219870196,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:56","startHours":7.648865809898969,"endHours":7.940340702932596,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:01","startHours":12.294246917622397,"endHours":13.022934150206465,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:28","startHours":5.736061824365793,"endHours":6.464749056949859,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:12","startHours":6.282577248803843,"endHours":7.193436289533927,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:29","end":"15:13","startHours":14.480308615374597,"endHours":15.208995847958663,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:55","end":"18:19","startHours":17.923744778294935,"endHours":18.323744778294934,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:07","end":"18:35","startHours":18.123744778294935,"endHours":18.579174298659975,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:52","end":"19:37","startHours":17.873744778294935,"endHours":19.623744778294935,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:01","startHours":24.2942469176224,"endHours":25.022934150206463,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:12","end":"08:34","startHours":7.193436289533927,"endHours":8.559724850629053,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:34","end":"09:56","startHours":8.559724850629053,"endHours":9.926013411724178,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:56","end":"11:18","startHours":9.926013411724178,"endHours":11.292301972819304,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:18","end":"12:40","startHours":11.292301972819304,"endHours":12.658590533914431,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:40","end":"14:01","startHours":12.658590533914431,"endHours":14.024879095009556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:01","end":"15:23","startHours":14.024879095009556,"endHours":15.391167656104681,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:23","end":"16:45","startHours":15.391167656104681,"endHours":16.75745621719981,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:45","end":"18:07","startHours":16.75745621719981,"endHours":18.123744778294935,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:07","end":"19:45","startHours":18.123744778294935,"endHours":19.75745621719981,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:45","end":"21:23","startHours":19.75745621719981,"endHours":21.391167656104685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:23","end":"23:01","startHours":21.391167656104685,"endHours":23.024879095009556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:01","end":"00:40","startHours":23.024879095009556,"endHours":24.65859053391443,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:40","end":"02:18","startHours":24.65859053391443,"endHours":26.292301972819306,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:18","end":"03:56","startHours":26.292301972819306,"endHours":27.926013411724178,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:56","end":"05:34","startHours":27.926013411724178,"endHours":29.559724850629053,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:34","end":"07:12","startHours":29.559724850629053,"endHours":31.193436289533928,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.193436289533927,"endHours":8.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.193436289533928,"endHours":9.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.193436289533928,"endHours":10.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.193436289533928,"endHours":11.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.193436289533928,"endHours":12.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.193436289533928,"endHours":13.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.193436289533928,"endHours":14.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.193436289533928,"endHours":15.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.193436289533928,"endHours":16.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.193436289533928,"endHours":17.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.193436289533928,"endHours":18.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.193436289533928,"endHours":19.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.193436289533928,"endHours":20.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.193436289533928,"endHours":21.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.193436289533928,"endHours":22.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.193436289533928,"endHours":23.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.193436289533928,"endHours":24.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.193436289533928,"endHours":25.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.193436289533928,"endHours":26.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.193436289533928,"endHours":27.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.193436289533928,"endHours":28.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.193436289533928,"endHours":29.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.193436289533928,"endHours":30.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":30.193436289533928,"endHours":31.193436289533928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-18.38518648680245,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":24.0775}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī is not live yet; Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kota"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2016 CE · Kota, Rajasthan · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2016 CE for Kota, Rajasthan: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:12, sūryāsta 18:07.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kota/2016-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kota/2016-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kota/2016-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kota/2016-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kota/2016-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-22T15:38:04.941Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-22T15:38:04.941Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-22T15:38:04.941Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}