{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kollam:2025-10-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2025-10-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-10-29","date_display":"October 29, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":10,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460977.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872512.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":190.8981,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.573,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":86.6749,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6749},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.573,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9063},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":10,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460977.770833,"ahargana":1872512.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2138,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.65690900000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.2851089999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3276},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.792009,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":215.16540899999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":90.51270899999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":174.31490899999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":331.797009,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":325.2887,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":145.2887,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":10,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460977.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872512.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":190.8981,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.573,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":86.6749,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6749},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.573,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9063},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.328,"elongation":86.675},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.328,"opposition_distance":93.325}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kollam","name":"Kollam, Kerala","lat":8.8932,"lon":76.6141,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kollam","name":"Kollam, Kerala","lat":8.8932,"lon":76.6141,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:12","sunsetLocal":"18:02","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":11.82910690206254,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 49 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 10 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:48","moonsetLocal":"23:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:07","end":"13:36","startHours":12.118503418682945,"endHours":13.597141781440763,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:41","end":"09:10","startHours":7.6825883304094935,"endHours":9.161226693167311,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:38","end":"12:07","startHours":10.639865055925128,"endHours":12.118503418682945,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:58","end":"09:22","startHours":8.964074911466268,"endHours":9.358378474868353,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:42","end":"07:01","startHours":6.696829421904281,"endHours":7.01227227262595,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:43","end":"12:31","startHours":11.724199855280862,"endHours":12.512806982085031,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:38","end":"05:25","startHours":4.626735714043337,"endHours":5.415342840847506,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:13","end":"06:12","startHours":5.218191059146465,"endHours":6.203949967651676,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:53","startHours":14.090021235693369,"endHours":14.878628362497539,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:50","end":"18:14","startHours":17.833056869714216,"endHours":18.233056869714215,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:02","end":"18:32","startHours":18.033056869714216,"endHours":18.52593632396682,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:47","end":"19:32","startHours":17.783056869714216,"endHours":19.533056869714216,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:43","end":"00:31","startHours":23.724199855280865,"endHours":24.51280698208503,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:12","end":"07:41","startHours":6.203949967651676,"endHours":7.6825883304094935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:41","end":"09:10","startHours":7.6825883304094935,"endHours":9.161226693167311,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:10","end":"10:38","startHours":9.161226693167311,"endHours":10.639865055925128,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:38","end":"12:07","startHours":10.639865055925128,"endHours":12.118503418682945,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:07","end":"13:36","startHours":12.118503418682945,"endHours":13.597141781440763,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:36","end":"15:05","startHours":13.597141781440763,"endHours":15.07578014419858,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:05","end":"16:33","startHours":15.07578014419858,"endHours":16.5544185069564,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:33","end":"18:02","startHours":16.5544185069564,"endHours":18.033056869714216,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:02","end":"19:33","startHours":18.033056869714216,"endHours":19.5544185069564,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:33","end":"21:05","startHours":19.5544185069564,"endHours":21.075780144198582,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:05","end":"22:36","startHours":21.075780144198582,"endHours":22.59714178144076,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:36","end":"00:07","startHours":22.59714178144076,"endHours":24.118503418682945,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:07","end":"01:38","startHours":24.118503418682945,"endHours":25.639865055925128,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:38","end":"03:10","startHours":25.639865055925128,"endHours":27.16122669316731,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:10","end":"04:41","startHours":27.16122669316731,"endHours":28.682588330409494,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:41","end":"06:12","startHours":28.682588330409494,"endHours":30.203949967651674,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":6.203949967651676,"endHours":7.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.203949967651676,"endHours":8.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.203949967651676,"endHours":9.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.203949967651676,"endHours":10.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.203949967651676,"endHours":11.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.203949967651676,"endHours":12.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.203949967651676,"endHours":13.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.203949967651676,"endHours":14.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.203949967651676,"endHours":15.203949967651676,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.203949967651676,"endHours":16.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.203949967651674,"endHours":17.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.203949967651674,"endHours":18.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.203949967651674,"endHours":19.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.203949967651674,"endHours":20.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.203949967651674,"endHours":21.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.203949967651674,"endHours":22.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.203949967651674,"endHours":23.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.203949967651674,"endHours":24.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.203949967651674,"endHours":25.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.203949967651674,"endHours":26.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.203949967651674,"endHours":27.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.203949967651674,"endHours":28.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.203949967651674,"endHours":29.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.203949967651674,"endHours":30.203949967651674,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-13.47697485261269,"eotMinutes":16.433394879023222,"ayanamsa":24.2138}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kollam"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 29, 2025 CE · Kollam, Kerala · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 29, 2025 CE for Kollam, Kerala: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:12, sūryāsta 18:02.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2025-10-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2025-10-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2025-10-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2025-10-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2025-10-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T20:58:23.230Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T20:58:23.230Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-27T20:58:23.230Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}