{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kollam:2023-07-04:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-07-04","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-07-04","date_display":"July 4, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":7,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460129.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871664.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":77.263,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":263.5637,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":186.3007,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.3007},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":263.5637,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2304},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":340.8266},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":7,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460129.770833,"ahargana":1871664.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1813,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":77.66980899999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":265.5098089999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3108},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":121.58510899999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":80.766909,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":15.645608999999979,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":118.088209,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":312.887709,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":10.2199,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":190.2199,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":7,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460129.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871664.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":77.263,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":263.5637,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":186.3007,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.3007},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":263.5637,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2304},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":340.8266},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.311,"elongation":173.699},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.311,"opposition_distance":6.301}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kollam","name":"Kollam, Kerala","lat":8.8932,"lon":76.6141,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kollam","name":"Kollam, Kerala","lat":8.8932,"lon":76.6141,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.627892144013213,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 37 Mins 40 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 22 Mins 20 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:11","moonsetLocal":"06:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:37","end":"17:12","startHours":15.616354923612672,"endHours":17.194841441614322,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:18","end":"10:53","startHours":9.302408851606067,"endHours":10.880895369607718,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:28","end":"14:02","startHours":12.45938188760937,"endHours":14.037868405611022,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:31","startHours":9.09194398253918,"endHours":9.512873720672953,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"07:01","startHours":6.67159798826998,"endHours":7.008341778776999,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:53","startHours":12.038452149475596,"endHours":12.880311625743143,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:28","end":"05:18","startHours":4.461716863067668,"endHours":5.3035763393352156,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:06","end":"06:09","startHours":5.093111470268329,"endHours":6.145435815602763,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:24","startHours":14.564030578278238,"endHours":15.405890054545786,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.573327959615977,"endHours":18.973327959615975,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:18","startHours":18.773327959615976,"endHours":19.299490132283193,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.523327959615976,"endHours":20.273327959615976,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:53","startHours":24.038452149475596,"endHours":24.88031162574314,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:09","end":"07:43","startHours":6.145435815602763,"endHours":7.723922333604415,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:43","end":"09:18","startHours":7.723922333604415,"endHours":9.302408851606067,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:18","end":"10:53","startHours":9.302408851606067,"endHours":10.880895369607718,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:53","end":"12:28","startHours":10.880895369607718,"endHours":12.45938188760937,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:28","end":"14:02","startHours":12.45938188760937,"endHours":14.037868405611022,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:02","end":"15:37","startHours":14.037868405611022,"endHours":15.616354923612672,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:37","end":"17:12","startHours":15.616354923612672,"endHours":17.194841441614322,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:12","end":"18:46","startHours":17.194841441614322,"endHours":18.773327959615976,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:46","end":"20:12","startHours":18.773327959615976,"endHours":20.194841441614326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:12","end":"21:37","startHours":20.194841441614326,"endHours":21.616354923612672,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:37","end":"23:02","startHours":21.616354923612672,"endHours":23.03786840561102,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:02","end":"00:28","startHours":23.03786840561102,"endHours":24.459381887609368,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:28","end":"01:53","startHours":24.459381887609368,"endHours":25.880895369607718,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:53","end":"03:18","startHours":25.880895369607718,"endHours":27.302408851606067,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:18","end":"04:43","startHours":27.302408851606067,"endHours":28.723922333604413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:43","end":"06:09","startHours":28.723922333604413,"endHours":30.145435815602763,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.145435815602763,"endHours":7.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.145435815602763,"endHours":8.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.145435815602763,"endHours":9.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.145435815602763,"endHours":10.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.145435815602763,"endHours":11.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.145435815602763,"endHours":12.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.145435815602763,"endHours":13.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.145435815602763,"endHours":14.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.145435815602763,"endHours":15.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.145435815602763,"endHours":16.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.145435815602763,"endHours":17.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.145435815602763,"endHours":18.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.145435815602763,"endHours":19.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.145435815602763,"endHours":20.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.145435815602763,"endHours":21.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.145435815602763,"endHours":22.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.145435815602763,"endHours":23.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.145435815602763,"endHours":24.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.145435815602763,"endHours":25.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.145435815602763,"endHours":26.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.145435815602763,"endHours":27.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.145435815602763,"endHours":28.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.145435815602763,"endHours":29.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.145435815602763,"endHours":30.145435815602763,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":22.908128165628035,"eotMinutes":-4.019313256562166,"ayanamsa":24.1813}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kollam"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 4, 2023 CE · Kollam, Kerala · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 4, 2023 CE for Kollam, Kerala: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-07-04","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-07-04","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-07-04","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-07-04","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-07-04"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-29T01:09:44.753Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-29T01:09:44.753Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-29T01:09:44.753Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}