{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kollam:2023-03-03:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-03-03","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-03-03","date_display":"March 3, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":3,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460006.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871541.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.12,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":86.8281,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":128.7081,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7081},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":86.8281,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8281},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":44.9481},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":3,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460006.770833,"ahargana":1871541.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1766,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.016708,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.750808,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2306},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":55.465607999999975,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":305.684808,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":348.174008,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":348.636608,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":305.36920800000007,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":16.737,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":196.737,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":3,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460006.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871541.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.12,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":86.8281,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":128.7081,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7081},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":86.8281,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8281},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":44.9481},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.231,"elongation":128.708},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.231,"opposition_distance":51.292}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kollam","name":"Kollam, Kerala","lat":8.8932,"lon":76.6141,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kollam","name":"Kollam, Kerala","lat":8.8932,"lon":76.6141,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Kerala","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:37","sunsetLocal":"18:35","solarNoonLocal":"12:36","dayLengthHours":11.966774908480879,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 58 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:02","moonsetLocal":"03:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:36","startHours":11.107456136375898,"endHours":12.603302999936009,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:36","end":"17:05","startHours":15.594996727056227,"endHours":17.090843590616338,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:07","end":"09:37","startHours":8.115762409255678,"endHours":9.611609272815787,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:49","startHours":9.412163024341107,"endHours":9.81105552129047,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:07","end":"07:26","startHours":7.1185311668822715,"endHours":7.437645164441761,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:12","end":"13:00","startHours":12.204410502986645,"endHours":13.002195496885372,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:01","end":"05:49","startHours":5.024345557898118,"endHours":5.822130551796843,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:37","end":"06:37","startHours":5.622684303322162,"endHours":6.6199155456955685,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:24","startHours":14.59776548468282,"endHours":15.395550478581546,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:23","end":"18:47","startHours":18.38669045417645,"endHours":18.786690454176448,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:35","end":"19:05","startHours":18.58669045417645,"endHours":19.085306075363153,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:20","end":"20:05","startHours":18.33669045417645,"endHours":20.08669045417645,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:12","end":"01:00","startHours":24.204410502986647,"endHours":25.00219549688537,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:37","end":"08:07","startHours":6.6199155456955685,"endHours":8.115762409255678,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:07","end":"09:37","startHours":8.115762409255678,"endHours":9.611609272815787,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:37","end":"11:06","startHours":9.611609272815787,"endHours":11.107456136375898,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:36","startHours":11.107456136375898,"endHours":12.603302999936009,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:36","end":"14:06","startHours":12.603302999936009,"endHours":14.099149863496118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:06","end":"15:36","startHours":14.099149863496118,"endHours":15.594996727056227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:36","end":"17:05","startHours":15.594996727056227,"endHours":17.090843590616338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:05","end":"18:35","startHours":17.090843590616338,"endHours":18.58669045417645,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:35","end":"20:05","startHours":18.58669045417645,"endHours":20.090843590616338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:05","end":"21:36","startHours":20.090843590616338,"endHours":21.594996727056227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:36","end":"23:06","startHours":21.594996727056227,"endHours":23.09914986349612,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:06","end":"00:36","startHours":23.09914986349612,"endHours":24.60330299993601,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:36","end":"02:06","startHours":24.60330299993601,"endHours":26.107456136375898,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:06","end":"03:37","startHours":26.107456136375898,"endHours":27.61160927281579,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:37","end":"05:07","startHours":27.61160927281579,"endHours":29.11576240925568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:07","end":"06:37","startHours":29.11576240925568,"endHours":30.61991554569557,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:37","end":"07:37","startHours":6.6199155456955685,"endHours":7.6199155456955685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:37","end":"08:37","startHours":7.6199155456955685,"endHours":8.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:37","end":"09:37","startHours":8.61991554569557,"endHours":9.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:37","end":"10:37","startHours":9.61991554569557,"endHours":10.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:37","end":"11:37","startHours":10.61991554569557,"endHours":11.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:37","end":"12:37","startHours":11.61991554569557,"endHours":12.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:37","end":"13:37","startHours":12.61991554569557,"endHours":13.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:37","end":"14:37","startHours":13.61991554569557,"endHours":14.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:37","end":"15:37","startHours":14.61991554569557,"endHours":15.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:37","end":"16:37","startHours":15.61991554569557,"endHours":16.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:37","end":"17:37","startHours":16.61991554569557,"endHours":17.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:37","end":"18:37","startHours":17.61991554569557,"endHours":18.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:37","end":"19:37","startHours":18.61991554569557,"endHours":19.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:37","end":"20:37","startHours":19.61991554569557,"endHours":20.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:37","end":"21:37","startHours":20.61991554569557,"endHours":21.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:37","end":"22:37","startHours":21.61991554569557,"endHours":22.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:37","end":"23:37","startHours":22.61991554569557,"endHours":23.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:37","end":"00:37","startHours":23.61991554569557,"endHours":24.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:37","end":"01:37","startHours":24.61991554569557,"endHours":25.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:37","end":"02:37","startHours":25.61991554569557,"endHours":26.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:37","end":"03:37","startHours":26.61991554569557,"endHours":27.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:37","end":"04:37","startHours":27.61991554569557,"endHours":28.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:37","end":"05:37","startHours":28.61991554569557,"endHours":29.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:37","end":"06:37","startHours":29.61991554569557,"endHours":30.61991554569557,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-6.986136260090662,"eotMinutes":-12.654579996160596,"ayanamsa":24.1766}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"amalaki-ekadashi","name":"Āmalakī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"आमलकी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu (in Āmalakī tree)","significance":"Worship of Āmalakī (Indian gooseberry, sacred to Viṣṇu).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":4},{"id":"rangbhari-ekadashi","name":"Raṅgbhari Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"रङ्गभरी एकादशी","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva-Pārvatī","significance":"Kāśī tradition: Śiva brings Pārvatī home; rang-utsava begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Āmalakī Ekādaśī · Raṅgbhari Ekādaśī · Ekādaśī is not live yet; Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kollam"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 3, 2023 CE · Kollam, Kerala · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 3, 2023 CE for Kollam, Kerala: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:37, sūryāsta 18:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-03-03","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-03-03","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-03-03","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-03-03","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kollam/2023-03-03"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-29T05:34:44.990Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-29T05:34:44.990Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-29T05:34:44.990Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}