{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2148-03-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2148-03-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2148-03-21","date_display":"March 21, 2148 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2148,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2505680.770833,"kali_year":5249,"ahargana":1917215.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":334.7766,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":344.5335,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":9.7569,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7569},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":344.5335,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2002},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":319.3101},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2148,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2505680.770833,"ahargana":1917215.2708,"kali_year":5249,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.9235,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":334.942526,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.501126,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3334},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":281.704426,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":336.52002600000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":192.00012600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":13.848525999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":28.39442600000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":116.7087,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":296.7087,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2148,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2505680.770833,"kali_year":5249,"ahargana":1917215.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":334.7766,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":344.5335,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":9.7569,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7569},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":344.5335,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2002},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":319.3101},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.333,"elongation":9.757},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.333,"opposition_distance":170.243}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:37","sunsetLocal":"18:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:41","dayLengthHours":12.129747366697472,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 07 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 52 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:15","moonsetLocal":"19:31","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:43","startHours":14.197378514532641,"endHours":15.713596935369825,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:37","end":"08:08","startHours":6.616286410346721,"endHours":8.132504831183905,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:39","end":"11:10","startHours":9.648723252021089,"endHours":11.164941672858273,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:51","startHours":9.446560795909464,"endHours":9.850885708132713,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:07","end":"07:27","startHours":7.121692550625782,"endHours":7.445152480404381,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:17","end":"13:05","startHours":12.276835181472208,"endHours":13.085485005918706,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:00","end":"05:48","startHours":4.9989867614537244,"endHours":5.807636585900223,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:36","end":"06:37","startHours":5.605474129788599,"endHours":6.616286410346721,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:31","startHours":14.702784654811701,"endHours":15.511434479258199,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:33","end":"18:57","startHours":18.546033777044194,"endHours":18.946033777044192,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:45","end":"19:15","startHours":18.746033777044193,"endHours":19.251439917323253,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:30","end":"20:15","startHours":18.496033777044193,"endHours":20.246033777044193,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:17","end":"01:05","startHours":24.276835181472208,"endHours":25.085485005918706,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:37","end":"08:08","startHours":6.616286410346721,"endHours":8.132504831183905,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:08","end":"09:39","startHours":8.132504831183905,"endHours":9.648723252021089,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:39","end":"11:10","startHours":9.648723252021089,"endHours":11.164941672858273,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:10","end":"12:41","startHours":11.164941672858273,"endHours":12.681160093695457,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:41","end":"14:12","startHours":12.681160093695457,"endHours":14.197378514532641,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:12","end":"15:43","startHours":14.197378514532641,"endHours":15.713596935369825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:14","startHours":15.713596935369825,"endHours":17.22981535620701,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:14","end":"18:45","startHours":17.22981535620701,"endHours":18.746033777044193,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:45","end":"20:14","startHours":18.746033777044193,"endHours":20.22981535620701,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:14","end":"21:43","startHours":20.22981535620701,"endHours":21.713596935369825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:43","end":"23:12","startHours":21.713596935369825,"endHours":23.19737851453264,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:12","end":"00:41","startHours":23.19737851453264,"endHours":24.681160093695457,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:41","end":"02:10","startHours":24.681160093695457,"endHours":26.164941672858273,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:10","end":"03:39","startHours":26.164941672858273,"endHours":27.64872325202109,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:39","end":"05:08","startHours":27.64872325202109,"endHours":29.132504831183905,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:08","end":"06:37","startHours":29.132504831183905,"endHours":30.61628641034672,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:37","end":"07:37","startHours":6.616286410346721,"endHours":7.616286410346721,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:37","end":"08:37","startHours":7.616286410346721,"endHours":8.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:37","end":"09:37","startHours":8.61628641034672,"endHours":9.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:37","end":"10:37","startHours":9.61628641034672,"endHours":10.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:37","end":"11:37","startHours":10.61628641034672,"endHours":11.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:37","end":"12:37","startHours":11.61628641034672,"endHours":12.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:37","end":"13:37","startHours":12.61628641034672,"endHours":13.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:37","end":"14:37","startHours":13.61628641034672,"endHours":14.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:37","end":"15:37","startHours":14.61628641034672,"endHours":15.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:37","end":"16:37","startHours":15.61628641034672,"endHours":16.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:37","end":"17:37","startHours":16.61628641034672,"endHours":17.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:37","end":"18:37","startHours":17.61628641034672,"endHours":18.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:37","end":"19:37","startHours":18.61628641034672,"endHours":19.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:37","end":"20:37","startHours":19.61628641034672,"endHours":20.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:37","end":"21:37","startHours":20.61628641034672,"endHours":21.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:37","end":"22:37","startHours":21.61628641034672,"endHours":22.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:37","end":"23:37","startHours":22.61628641034672,"endHours":23.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:37","end":"00:37","startHours":23.61628641034672,"endHours":24.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:37","end":"01:37","startHours":24.61628641034672,"endHours":25.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:37","end":"02:37","startHours":25.61628641034672,"endHours":26.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:37","end":"03:37","startHours":26.61628641034672,"endHours":27.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:37","end":"04:37","startHours":27.61628641034672,"endHours":28.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:37","end":"05:37","startHours":28.61628641034672,"endHours":29.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:37","end":"06:37","startHours":29.61628641034672,"endHours":30.61628641034672,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":0.34443561155372543,"eotMinutes":-7.842805621727393,"ayanamsa":25.9235}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2205,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":2070,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1555,"malayalam_era":1324,"nanakshahi_year":679,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2205 Durmati · Śaka 2070 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"chaitra-navratri-start","name":"Caitra Navrātri Start (Gudhi Padwā)","name_sanskrit":"चैत्र नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Durgā (9 forms over 9 nights)","significance":"Spring Navrātri begins; Vasanta-pakṣa Devī worship. Maharashtra: Gudhi Padwā. South: Ugadi. Sindhi: Cheti Chand.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":1}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 21, 2148 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 21, 2148 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:37, sūryāsta 18:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2148-03-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2148-03-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2148-03-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2148-03-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2148-03-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T00:41:17.630Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T00:41:17.630Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T00:41:17.630Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}