{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2109-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2109-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2109-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2109 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2109,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2491599.770833,"kali_year":5211,"ahargana":1903134.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":132.2423,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":206.8942,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.6519,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6519},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":206.8942,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8942},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":339.1364},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2109,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2491599.770833,"ahargana":1903134.2708,"kali_year":5211,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.3849,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.188924,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":209.62642400000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0474},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":104.35772400000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":126.78062399999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":106.78142400000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":175.51692400000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":278.74132399999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":142.7878,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":322.7878,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2109,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2491599.770833,"kali_year":5211,"ahargana":1903134.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":132.2423,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":206.8942,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.6519,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6519},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":206.8942,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8942},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":339.1364},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.047,"elongation":74.652},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.047,"opposition_distance":105.348}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":8,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.314,"opposition_distance":1.611}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.454147536924525,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:59","moonsetLocal":"23:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:46","startHours":17.21281836282881,"endHours":18.769586804944375,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.542513036482113,"endHours":14.099281478597678,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:39","end":"17:13","startHours":15.656049920713244,"endHours":17.21281836282881,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:38","startHours":9.221407026635571,"endHours":9.63654527786639,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:10","startHours":6.834362082058371,"endHours":7.166472683043025,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:57","startHours":12.127374785251293,"endHours":12.95765128771293,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:39","end":"05:29","startHours":4.6548862630965795,"endHours":5.485162765558215,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:19","startHours":5.277593639942806,"endHours":6.3154392680198495,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:27","startHours":14.618204292636198,"endHours":15.448480795097833,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.569586804944375,"endHours":18.969586804944374,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.769586804944375,"endHours":19.288509618982896,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.519586804944375,"endHours":20.269586804944375,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:57","startHours":24.127374785251295,"endHours":24.95765128771293,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:52","startHours":6.3154392680198495,"endHours":7.872207710135415,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:26","startHours":7.872207710135415,"endHours":9.42897615225098,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:26","end":"10:59","startHours":9.42897615225098,"endHours":10.985744594366547,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:59","end":"12:33","startHours":10.985744594366547,"endHours":12.542513036482113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.542513036482113,"endHours":14.099281478597678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:06","end":"15:39","startHours":14.099281478597678,"endHours":15.656049920713244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:39","end":"17:13","startHours":15.656049920713244,"endHours":17.21281836282881,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:13","end":"18:46","startHours":17.21281836282881,"endHours":18.769586804944375,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:46","end":"20:13","startHours":18.769586804944375,"endHours":20.21281836282881,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:13","end":"21:39","startHours":20.21281836282881,"endHours":21.656049920713244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:39","end":"23:06","startHours":21.656049920713244,"endHours":23.09928147859768,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:06","end":"00:33","startHours":23.09928147859768,"endHours":24.542513036482113,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:33","end":"01:59","startHours":24.542513036482113,"endHours":25.985744594366547,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:59","end":"03:26","startHours":25.985744594366547,"endHours":27.428976152250982,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:26","end":"04:52","startHours":27.428976152250982,"endHours":28.872207710135413,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:19","startHours":28.872207710135413,"endHours":30.31543926801985,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.3154392680198495,"endHours":7.3154392680198495,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.3154392680198495,"endHours":8.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.31543926801985,"endHours":9.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.31543926801985,"endHours":10.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.31543926801985,"endHours":11.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.31543926801985,"endHours":12.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.31543926801985,"endHours":13.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.31543926801985,"endHours":14.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.31543926801985,"endHours":15.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.31543926801985,"endHours":16.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.31543926801985,"endHours":17.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.31543926801985,"endHours":18.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.31543926801985,"endHours":19.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.31543926801985,"endHours":20.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.31543926801985,"endHours":21.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.31543926801985,"endHours":22.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.31543926801985,"endHours":23.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.31543926801985,"endHours":24.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.31543926801985,"endHours":25.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.31543926801985,"endHours":26.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.31543926801985,"endHours":27.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.31543926801985,"endHours":28.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.31543926801985,"endHours":29.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.31543926801985,"endHours":30.31543926801985,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.354217907186431,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":25.3849}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2166,"vikram_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","saka_samvat":2031,"saka_samvatsara":"Śukla","bengali_samvat":1516,"malayalam_era":1285,"nanakshahi_year":640,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2166 Citrabhānu · Śaka 2031 Śukla"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2109 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2109 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2109-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2109-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2109-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2109-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2109-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T15:49:57.530Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T15:49:57.530Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T15:49:57.530Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}