{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2104-10-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2104-10-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2104-10-31","date_display":"October 31, 2104 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2104,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2489833.770833,"kali_year":5206,"ahargana":1901368.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.4578,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":334.9003,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":143.4426,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4426},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":334.9003,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.567},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":166.3581},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2104,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2489833.770833,"ahargana":1901368.2708,"kali_year":5206,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.3174,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":192.404898,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.67419799999993,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.45},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.86839799999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":214.91829800000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.350198,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":233.158498,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.25869799999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":236.359,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":56.359,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2104,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2489833.770833,"kali_year":5206,"ahargana":1901368.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.4578,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":334.9003,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":143.4426,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4426},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":334.9003,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.567},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":166.3581},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.45,"elongation":143.443},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.45,"opposition_distance":36.557}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:30","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.54407567895866,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:40","moonsetLocal":"03:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.83322421428803,"endHours":12.276233674157861,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:10","end":"16:36","startHours":15.162252593897527,"endHours":16.60526205376736,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:57","end":"09:23","startHours":7.947205294548365,"endHours":9.390214754418198,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:35","startHours":9.19781349310222,"endHours":9.582616015734175,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:59","end":"07:18","startHours":6.985198987968477,"endHours":7.293041006074041,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:40","startHours":11.891431151525907,"endHours":12.66103619678982,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:58","end":"05:44","startHours":4.964985744150711,"endHours":5.734590789414622,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:33","end":"06:30","startHours":5.542189528098644,"endHours":6.504195834678533,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"14:58","startHours":14.20024628731764,"endHours":14.96985133258155,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.848271513637194,"endHours":18.248271513637192,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:32","startHours":18.048271513637193,"endHours":18.529274666927137,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.798271513637193,"endHours":19.548271513637193,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:40","startHours":23.89143115152591,"endHours":24.66103619678982,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:30","end":"07:57","startHours":6.504195834678533,"endHours":7.947205294548365,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:57","end":"09:23","startHours":7.947205294548365,"endHours":9.390214754418198,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:23","end":"10:50","startHours":9.390214754418198,"endHours":10.83322421428803,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.83322421428803,"endHours":12.276233674157861,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:17","end":"13:43","startHours":12.276233674157861,"endHours":13.719243134027696,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:43","end":"15:10","startHours":13.719243134027696,"endHours":15.162252593897527,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:10","end":"16:36","startHours":15.162252593897527,"endHours":16.60526205376736,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:36","end":"18:03","startHours":16.60526205376736,"endHours":18.048271513637193,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:03","end":"19:36","startHours":18.048271513637193,"endHours":19.605262053767362,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:36","end":"21:10","startHours":19.605262053767362,"endHours":21.162252593897527,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:10","end":"22:43","startHours":21.162252593897527,"endHours":22.719243134027696,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:43","end":"00:17","startHours":22.719243134027696,"endHours":24.276233674157865,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:17","end":"01:50","startHours":24.276233674157865,"endHours":25.83322421428803,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:50","end":"03:23","startHours":25.83322421428803,"endHours":27.3902147544182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:23","end":"04:57","startHours":27.3902147544182,"endHours":28.947205294548368,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:57","end":"06:30","startHours":28.947205294548368,"endHours":30.504195834678534,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.504195834678533,"endHours":7.504195834678533,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.504195834678533,"endHours":8.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.504195834678534,"endHours":9.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.504195834678534,"endHours":10.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.504195834678534,"endHours":11.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.504195834678534,"endHours":12.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.504195834678534,"endHours":13.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.504195834678534,"endHours":14.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.504195834678534,"endHours":15.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.504195834678534,"endHours":16.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.504195834678534,"endHours":17.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.504195834678534,"endHours":18.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.504195834678534,"endHours":19.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.504195834678534,"endHours":20.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.504195834678534,"endHours":21.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.504195834678534,"endHours":22.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.504195834678534,"endHours":23.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.504195834678534,"endHours":24.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.504195834678534,"endHours":25.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.504195834678534,"endHours":26.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.504195834678534,"endHours":27.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.504195834678534,"endHours":28.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.504195834678534,"endHours":29.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.504195834678534,"endHours":30.504195834678534,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-14.084144399074486,"eotMinutes":16.45277955052819,"ayanamsa":25.3174}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2161,"vikram_samvatsara":"Īśvara","saka_samvat":2026,"saka_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","bengali_samvat":1511,"malayalam_era":1280,"nanakshahi_year":635,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2161 Īśvara · Śaka 2026 Raktākṣī"},"festivals":[{"id":"tulasi-vivaha","name":"Tulasī Vivāha","name_sanskrit":"तुलसी विवाह","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Tulasī Devī + Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Marriage of Tulasī (Vṛndā) with Śālagrāma. Marks end of Cāturmāsya.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":12,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Padma Purāṇa Uttara-khaṇḍa"]},{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 31, 2104 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 31, 2104 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:30, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2104-10-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2104-10-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2104-10-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2104-10-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2104-10-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T20:39:11.024Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T20:39:11.024Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T20:39:11.024Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}