{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2097-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2097-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2097-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 2097 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2097,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2486994.770833,"kali_year":5198,"ahargana":1898529.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.2713,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.3396,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":91.0682,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0682},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":7.3396,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3396},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":283.6109},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2097,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2486994.770833,"ahargana":1898529.2708,"kali_year":5198,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.2088,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.5669680000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.18906800000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.4966},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":211.77266800000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":259.05126799999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":76.31296800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":317.1056679999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":141.757968,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":26.7829,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":206.7829,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2097,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2486994.770833,"kali_year":5198,"ahargana":1898529.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.2713,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.3396,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":91.0682,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0682},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":7.3396,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3396},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":283.6109},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.497,"elongation":91.068},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.497,"opposition_distance":88.932}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":11.298521057101425,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:22","moonsetLocal":"00:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.501096791072502,"endHours":9.91341192321018,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:20","end":"12:44","startHours":11.325727055347858,"endHours":12.738042187485537,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.150357319623215,"endHours":15.562672451760893,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.725103238925158,"endHours":10.101720607495205,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.559553369647384,"endHours":7.860847264503422,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.36142481891549,"endHours":13.114659556055583,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.582312184654635,"endHours":6.33554692179473,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.147238237509706,"endHours":7.088781658934825,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:22","startHours":14.621129030335776,"endHours":15.374363767475872,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.18730271603625,"endHours":18.58730271603625,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:51","startHours":18.38730271603625,"endHours":18.858074426748807,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.13730271603625,"endHours":19.88730271603625,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.361424818915488,"endHours":25.114659556055585,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.088781658934825,"endHours":8.501096791072502,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.501096791072502,"endHours":9.91341192321018,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.91341192321018,"endHours":11.325727055347858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:20","end":"12:44","startHours":11.325727055347858,"endHours":12.738042187485537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.150357319623215,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.150357319623215,"endHours":15.562672451760893,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.562672451760893,"endHours":16.97498758389857,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:58","end":"18:23","startHours":16.97498758389857,"endHours":18.38730271603625,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:23","end":"19:58","startHours":18.38730271603625,"endHours":19.97498758389857,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:58","end":"21:34","startHours":19.97498758389857,"endHours":21.562672451760893,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.562672451760893,"endHours":23.150357319623215,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:09","end":"00:44","startHours":23.150357319623215,"endHours":24.738042187485537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:44","end":"02:20","startHours":24.738042187485537,"endHours":26.32572705534786,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.32572705534786,"endHours":27.91341192321018,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.91341192321018,"endHours":29.501096791072502,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.501096791072502,"endHours":31.088781658934824,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.088781658934825,"endHours":8.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.088781658934824,"endHours":9.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.088781658934824,"endHours":10.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.088781658934824,"endHours":11.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.088781658934824,"endHours":12.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.088781658934824,"endHours":13.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.088781658934824,"endHours":14.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.088781658934824,"endHours":15.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.088781658934824,"endHours":16.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.088781658934824,"endHours":17.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.088781658934824,"endHours":18.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.088781658934824,"endHours":19.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.088781658934824,"endHours":20.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.088781658934824,"endHours":21.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.088781658934824,"endHours":22.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.088781658934824,"endHours":23.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.088781658934824,"endHours":24.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.088781658934824,"endHours":25.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.088781658934824,"endHours":26.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.088781658934824,"endHours":27.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.088781658934824,"endHours":28.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.088781658934824,"endHours":29.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.088781658934824,"endHours":30.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.088781658934824,"endHours":31.088781658934824,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.76228569646878,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":25.2088}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2154,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramoda","saka_samvat":2019,"saka_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","bengali_samvat":1504,"malayalam_era":1273,"nanakshahi_year":628,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2154 Pramoda · Śaka 2019 Piṅgala"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 2097 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 2097 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2097-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2097-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2097-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2097-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2097-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:40:37.419Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:40:37.420Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T11:40:37.420Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}